Government spending articles
How many disasters are declared in the US?
On average, 164 disasters are declared per year. This figure is based on the most recent five full years of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) data.
What is Medicaid and how many Americans use it? | Episode 2 of Just the Facts: Do You Qualify?
JUST THE FACTS · 7:15M
What is subsidized housing? | Episode 3 of Just the Facts: Do You Qualify?
JUST THE FACTS · 7:36M
How do SNAP benefits impact food insecurity? | Episode 4 of Just the Facts: Do You Qualify?
JUST THE FACTS · 9:17M
How does the government help low-income students? | Episode 5 of Just the Facts: Do You Qualify?
JUST THE FACTS · 9:34M
What cash assistance does the government provide? | Episode 6 of Just the Facts: Do You Qualify?
JUST THE FACTS · 7:16M
What does the Department of Agriculture (USDA) do?
The Department of Agriculture (USDA) is cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for developing and executing federal policies on food, agriculture, natural resources, rural development, nutrition, and related issues. Its functions include supporting farmers and ranchers, ensuring food safety, promoting agricultural trade, conserving natural resources and the environment, and addressing hunger both domestically and internationally. It was established in 1862.
What does the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) do?
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent federal agency responsible for regulating communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the United States. It oversees competition and innovation in the communications industry, manages the radio spectrum, and sets rules to support emerging technologies. The FCC also helps protect the nation’s communications infrastructure. It was established in 1934.
What does the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) do?
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is an independent executive branch agency tasked with enforcing workplace discrimination laws. Its functions include investigating charges of discrimination against employers, providing guidance and oversight on equal employment practices, and conducting outreach and education programs. Most companies with 15 or more employees are under EEOC jurisdiction. The agency was established by the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
What does the Department of the Interior (DOI) do?
The Department of the Interior (Interior, DOI) is an executive branch agency responsible for managing federal lands, natural resources, and cultural heritage. Its functions include overseeing national parks and other protected lands, regulating natural resource extraction, upholding tribal relations and trust responsibilities, and preserving the environment. It was established in 1849.
What does the Department of Education (ED) do?
The Department of Education (Education Department, ED) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for overseeing education policy and administering funding for programs and individuals. The department's functions include supporting state and local education systems, promoting educational equity for all students, and providing grants and loans to higher education institutions and students. It was established in 1980 after the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was reorganized into separate entities.
What does the Department of Justice (DOJ) do?
The Department of Justice (DOJ, Justice Department) is an executive branch agency responsible for enforcing federal laws and ensuring public safety. Its functions include prosecuting criminal and civil cases, overseeing federal law enforcement agencies, managing federal prisons, upholding civil rights, and issuing justice-related grants. It was established in 1870.
What does the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) do?
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for protecting the United States against potential threats. Its primary functions include anti-terrorism efforts, border security, immigration and customs enforcement, cybersecurity, and disaster prevention and management. It was established in response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and began operations in 2003.
What does NASA do?
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for the nation’s civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA conducts scientific research to understand Earth and space, develops and tests new aerospace technologies, and conducts human space exploration missions. It operates the International Space Station in partnership with other nations and is advancing plans to return humans to the Moon and explore Mars. It was established in 1958.
What does the State Department (DOS) do?
The Department of State (State Department, DOS) is an executive branch agency responsible for conducting US foreign policy and diplomatic relations. Its functions include negotiating treaties, representing the US in international organizations, issuing passports and visas, coordinating refugee and humanitarian assistance, and overseeing foreign aid and embassy operations. It was established in 1789.
What does the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) do?
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for providing healthcare services, benefits programs, and access to national cemeteries for the nation's veterans and their dependents. It was established as the Veterans Administration in 1930 and elevated to cabinet status in 1989.
What does the Department of Labor (DOL) do?
The Department of Labor (DOL) is an executive branch agency responsible for overseeing the American labor force and working conditions. Its functions include enforcing wage and hour standards and union law, regulating workplace safety, administering unemployment benefits and workers’ compensation, collecting labor market data, and promoting workforce development. It was established in 1913.
What does the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) do?
The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) is an independent federal agency responsible for resolving disputes between the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (a sub-agency of the Department of Labor) and employers over workplace safety and health citations. It serves as a neutral arbiter, providing administrative trials and appellate reviews to ensure fair outcomes under the Occupational Safety and Health Act. It was established in 1970.
What does the Department of the Treasury (TREAS) do?
The Department of the Treasury (Department of Treasury, TREAS) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for overseeing economic conditions and ensuring the financial security of the United States. The department's functions include advising the president on economic matters, managing federal finances, collecting taxes through the Internal Revenue Service, producing currency, and supervising national banks. It was established in 1789 and is the second-oldest department in the federal government.
What does the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) do?
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an independent federal agency responsible for protecting consumers and promoting fair competition in the marketplace. It investigates deceptive advertising, fraudulent business practices, and antitrust violations, while also providing consumer education and developing policies to maintain a competitive economy. It was established in 1914.
What does the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) do?
The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for managing the civil service of the federal government. Its functions include coordinating the recruitment of new government employees, managing health insurance and retirement benefits programs, and providing resources for job seekers. Established in 1979, it serves as the chief human resources agency and personnel policy manager for the federal government.
What does the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) do?
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for safeguarding employees’ rights to unionize and preventing unfair labor practices. Its functions include conducting union elections, investigating charges of unfair practices, deciding cases, and enforcing punishment. It was established in 1935.
What does the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) do?
The Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) is an independent federal agency responsible for safeguarding the integrity of the civil service system and protecting the rights of federal employees. It hears appeals on personnel actions such as removals, suspensions, and demotions, ensuring those decisions are based on merit and free from prohibited practices. It also conducts studies to evaluate the effectiveness of federal merit systems. It was established in 1979.
What does AmeriCorps (CORPS) do?
AmeriCorps (CORPS) is an independent federal agency responsible for engaging Americans in service programs that address education, public safety, the environment, and other community needs. It promotes civic responsibility and provides educational benefits to participants who commit to national service. In 2020, the Corporation for National and Community Service, or CNCS, merged with the agency to form a single organization, now known now as AmeriCorps. It was established in 1993.
What does the Armed Forces Retirement Home do?
The Armed Forces Retirement Home (AFRH) is an independent federal agency responsible for providing housing, healthcare, and supportive services to retired and eligible veterans. It offers residential care, medical and dental services, and recreational activities to support the well-being and dignity of its residents. It operates two campuses—in Washington, DC, and Gulfport, Mississippi—and was established in 1991.
What does the Selective Service System (SSS) do?
The Selective Service System (SSS) is an independent federal agency responsible for maintaining information on individuals who could be called to military service in the event of a national emergency. It ensures the federal government has a fair and efficient process in place for conducting a draft if needed. It was established in 1940.
What does the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) do?
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent federal agency responsible for investigating civil transportation accidents across the United States. It determines the causes of accidents, issues safety recommendations, conducts safety studies, and assists victims and their families. The NTSB covers aviation, highway, marine, pipeline, and railroad incidents. It was established in 1967.
What does the Department of Transportation (DOT) do?
The Department of Transportation (USDOT, DOT) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for overseeing national transportation systems and infrastructure. Its functions include developing and implementing federal transportation policies; ensuring the safety and efficiency of highways, railroads, air travel, and maritime transport; and administering funding for transportation projects including local transit systems. It was established in 1966.
What does the Department of Defense (DOD) do?
The Department of Defense (DOD) is cabinet-level executive branch agency tasked with maintaining and overseeing the military forces of the United States. Its primary functions include overseeing the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force; creating military policies; and managing the defense budget. It was established in 1947.
What does the Small Business Administration (SBA) do?
The Small Business Administration (SBA) is an independent executive agency responsible for supporting small business owners and entrepreneurs in their business ventures. Its functions include providing small businesses access to capital, offering free or low-cost counseling and training, working with other government agencies to contract small businesses, and advocating on behalf of the small business sector in front of Congress. It was established in 1953.
What does the Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) do?
The US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for overseeing lawful immigration to the United States. The agency administers the nation's naturalization and immigration system, processes applications for citizenship, and manages the issuance of various immigration benefits. It also ensures the integrity of the immigration system by preventing fraud and enhancing security measures. It was established in 2003.
What does the Federal Election Commission (FEC) do?
The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent federal agency responsible for enforcing campaign finance laws in US federal elections. Its work includes overseeing the public disclosure of campaign finance data, enforcing contribution limits, and managing public funding for presidential campaigns. It was established in 1975.
What does the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) do?
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is an independent federal agency responsible for regulating US derivatives markets, including futures, swaps, and certain types of options. It oversees these markets to reduce financial risk, protect market participants from fraud and abuse, and help ensure fair and stable trading conditions. It was established in 1974.
What does the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) do?
The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Commerce responsible for providing important economic statistics including the gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States. The agency collects and analyzes data on economic performance, trade, and industry, which helps inform public policy and business decisions. It was established in 1972.
What does the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) do?
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is an independent executive branch responsible for regulating the use of radioactive materials for civilian purposes and ensuring public and environmental health and safety. It oversees the operation and waste management of nuclear power plants and other nuclear material uses (including medical and academic). It was established in 1974.
What does the Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education (OCTAE) do?
The Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education (OCTAE) is a subdivision of the US Department of Education responsible for administering and overseeing programs that prepare individuals for postsecondary education and the workforce. OCTAE focuses on improving career and technical education, adult education, and literacy, ensuring that all students and adults have the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in a global economy. It was established in 1966.
What does the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) do?
The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is a cabinet-level executive branch agency responsible for overseeing public health policy and administering funding for health programs and services. The department's functions include managing national health programs like Medicare and Medicaid, advancing medical research, ensuring food and drug safety, and promoting health equity for all individuals. It was established in 1980 after the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was reorganized into separate entities.
What does the Peace Corps (PC) do?
The Peace Corps (PC) is an independent federal agency responsible for sending trained American volunteers abroad to support community-led projects in areas such as education, health, agriculture, and economic development. It also fosters cross-cultural understanding between Americans and the communities they serve. It was established in 1961.
What does the Department of Energy (DOE) do?
The Department of Energy (DOE) is an executive branch agency responsible for overseeing national energy policy and managing the country’s nuclear infrastructure. Its functions include advancing energy research and innovation, promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy, regulating the production and distribution of electricity and fossil fuels, and ensuring the security of the US nuclear weapons stockpile. It was established in 1977.
What does the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS) do?
The Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS) is an independent federal agency responsible for helping resolve disputes between employers and employees in both the public and private sectors. It provides mediation during labor negotiations, offers training to improve labor-management relationships, and supports conflict resolution in workplaces and communities. It was established in 1947.
What does the Commission on Civil Rights (USCCR) do?
The US Commission on Civil Rights (USCCR) is an independent, bipartisan federal agency responsible for informing national civil rights policy and monitoring enforcement of federal civil rights laws. It investigates voting rights complaints and studies issues related to discrimination and unequal treatment based on race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin. It also collects and shares information on civil rights issues to support public understanding and policy development. It was established in 1957.
What does the Bureau of the Fiscal Service (BFS) do?
The Bureau of the Fiscal Service (BFS, Fiscal Service) is a subdivision of the US Department of the Treasury responsible for managing the government's accounting, central payment systems, and public debt. The agency ensures the effective and efficient management of federal finances by providing accurate and timely financial information, promoting the use of electronic financial services, and overseeing the issuance of government securities. It was established in 2012.
What does the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) do?
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) is a subdivision of the US Department of the Interior responsible for managing and conserving fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats. The agency works to protect endangered species, enforce wildlife laws, manage migratory birds, restore nationally significant fisheries, and conserve and restore wildlife habitat such as wetlands. It also collaborates with federal, state, tribal, and local partners to promote wildlife conservation and ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. It was established in 1940.
What does the US Agency for Global Media (USAGM) do?
The United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM) is an independent federal agency responsible for overseeing media networks that provide news and information in countries where press freedom is limited. It manages outlets such as Voice of America, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Radio Free Asia, the Office of Cuba Broadcasting, the Middle East Broadcasting Networks, and the Open Technology Fund. These networks deliver accurate and independent reporting to global audiences. It was established in 1994.
What does the Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) do?
The Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) is an independent federal agency responsible for regulating international ocean transportation involving the United States. It's mission is to ensure a competitive and fair shipping system, protects the public from deceptive practices, and oversee agreements and rates among ocean carriers and terminal operators. It was established in 1961.
What does the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) do?
The Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) is an independent federal agency responsible for managing labor relations between federal agencies and their employees (excluding the Postal Service). It resolves disputes between agencies and unions, enforces labor laws, and offers training and guidance on labor-management relations. It was established in 1978.
What does the National Science Foundation (NSF) do?
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for supporting science and engineering nationwide for the purpose of scientific progress, advancement of national health and welfare, and national security. The agency fulfills this objective primarily through making grants, funding approximately 25% of all federally supported research conducted by US colleges and universities. It was established in 1950.
What does the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) do?
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for safeguarding human health and protecting the environment by ensuring that people in the US have access to clean air, land, and water. Its functions include developing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress, providing grants to support environmental programs and projects, researches environmental issues, and fostering partnerships with businesses, nonprofits, and state and local governments. It was established in 1970.
What does the Social Security Administration (SSA) do?
The Social Security Administration (SSA) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for administering Social Security, a program that provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits to eligible people. Its functions include managing the distribution of monthly payments to beneficiaries, enrolling Medicare recipients, and overseeing the issuance of Social Security numbers and cards. It was established in 1935 as part of the Social Security Act.
What does the Department of Commerce (DOC) do?
The Department of Commerce (DOC) is an executive branch agency responsible for supporting economic growth within the US. Its functions include promoting job creation, sustainable business development, and ensuring economic competitiveness. It was established in 1903.
What does the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) do?
The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is an executive branch agency responsible for national housing policy and community development. Its functions include providing affordable housing assistance, enforcing fair housing laws, supporting homeownership programs, and administering grants for urban development and disaster recovery. It was established in 1965.
What does the National Mediation Board (NMB) do?
The National Mediation Board (NMB) is an independent federal agency responsible for managing labor relations in the railroad and airline industries. It mediates contract negotiations, resolves labor disputes, and conducts union representation elections to help prevent work stoppages and maintain uninterrupted transportation services. It was established in 1934 under the Railway Labor Act.
What does the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS) do?
The Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS) is an independent federal agency established in 1964 by the Administrative Conference Act. The agency evaluates and makes recommendations to improve the administrative processes of government agencies. To do this, ACUS conducts research studies and provides recommendations to promote efficiency, participation, and fairness in the implementation of federal programs. ACUS publishes reference guides and resources, and organizes forums and roundtables to disseminate their findings and recommendations.
What does USAID do?
USAID (US Agency for International Development) is an independent executive branch agency responsible for administering foreign aid and economic development assistance outside the US. Its functions include supporting economic growth, global health, and education; providing humanitarian aid in response to crises; and advancing US foreign policy goals through partnerships. It was established in 1961 as part of the Foreign Assistance Act.
What does the Inter-American Foundation (IAF) do?
The Inter-American Foundation (IAF) is an independent federal agency responsible for supporting community-led development in Latin America and the Caribbean. It provides grants to local organizations to promote sustainable development, expand economic opportunities, and strengthen civil society. It was established in 1969.
What does the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) do?
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Veterans Affairs responsible for providing comprehensive healthcare services to military veterans. The agency operates a nationwide system of medical centers, outpatient clinics, and specialized care facilities, offering services ranging from primary care to specialized treatments for conditions such as PTSD and traumatic brain injuries. It also conducts research and provides training for healthcare professionals. It was established in 1930.
What does the Office of Public and Indian Housing (PIH) do?
The Office of Public and Indian Housing (PIH) is a subdivision of the Department of Housing and Urban Development responsible for ensuring safe, decent, and affordable housing for low-income families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities, as well as the Native American population. It was established in 1965.
What does the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) do?
The US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is a subdivision of the US Department of Homeland Security responsible for safeguarding the nation's borders and facilitating lawful international trade and travel. The agency enforces immigration laws, prevents the illegal entry of goods and individuals, and ensures the security of the US border. It also works to prevent the trafficking of drugs, weapons, and other contraband. It was established in 2003.
What does the Substance Abuse And Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) do?
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Health and Human Services responsible for improving the quality and availability of treatment and rehabilitative services to reduce illness, death, disability, and the cost to society resulting from substance abuse and mental illnesses. SAMHSA leads public health efforts to advance the behavioral health of the nation and works to improve the lives of individuals living with mental and substance use disorders and their families. It was established in 1992.
What does the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) do?
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is a subdivision of the US Department of Justice responsible for enforcing federal laws related to the regulation of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, explosives, and arson. The agency's primary mission is to protect communities from violent criminals, criminal organizations, the illegal use and trafficking of firearms, the illegal use and storage of explosives, acts of arson and bombings, acts of terrorism, and the illegal diversion of alcohol and tobacco products. It was established in 1972.
What does the Forest Service (FS) do?
The Forest Service (FS) is a subdivision of the US Department of Agriculture responsible for managing public lands in national forests and grasslands. The agency's mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of these lands to meet the needs of present and future generations. It provides leadership in the protection, management, and use of the nation's forest resources, ensuring their long-term sustainability. It was established in 1905.
What does the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) do?
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is a subdivision of The Executive Office of the President responsible for assisting the President in overseeing the preparation of the federal budget and supervising its administration in Executive Branch agencies. The OMB evaluates the effectiveness of agency programs, policies, and procedures, assesses competing funding demands among agencies, and sets funding priorities. It also ensures that agency reports, rules, testimony, and proposed legislation are consistent with the President's budget and administration policies. It was established in 1970.
What does the Office of the US Trade Representative (USTR) do?
The Office of The United States Trade Representative (USTR) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for developing and coordinating US international trade, commodity, and direct investment policy, and overseeing negotiations with other countries. The agency works to create trade opportunities for American businesses and workers, enforce US trade laws, and ensure that trade agreements are fair and beneficial to the US economy. It was established in 1963.
What does the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Health and Human Services responsible for protecting public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, and medical devices. The agency also oversees the safety and security of the nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. It was established in 1906.
What does the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) do?
The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is a subdivision of the US Department of Agriculture responsible for ensuring that the nation's commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged. The agency conducts inspections, enforces food safety regulations, and works to prevent foodborne illnesses through rigorous testing and monitoring. It also provides guidance and education to industry and consumers on food safety practices. It was established in 1977.
What does the National Park Service (NPS) do?
The National Park Service (NPS) is a subdivision of the US Department of the Interior responsible for managing and preserving national parks, monuments, and other historical sites across the United States. The agency's primary mission is to conserve the natural and cultural resources within these areas for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of current and future generations. It also works to protect the ecological integrity of these sites while providing recreational opportunities for the public. It was established in 1916.
What does the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) do?
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Justice responsible for enforcing the controlled substances laws and regulations of the United States. The agency aims to reduce the availability of illicit controlled substances on the domestic and international markets. It also works to disrupt and dismantle drug trafficking organizations and collaborates with other agencies to combat drug-related crimes. It was established in 1973.
What does the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) do?
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for understanding and predicting changes in climate, weather, oceans, and coasts. NOAA shares this knowledge and information with others and helps conserve and manage coastal and marine ecosystems and resources. It was established in 1970.
What does the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) do?
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is a subdivision of the US Department of the Interior responsible for administering public lands in the United States. The agency manages various resources and activities on these lands, including energy development, livestock grazing, recreation, and conservation. It aims to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations. It was established in 1946.
What does the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) do?
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a subdivision of the US Department of Justice responsible for investigating and enforcing federal laws, protecting and defending the United States against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats, upholding and enforcing the criminal laws of the United States, and providing leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international partners. The FBI also focuses on cybercrime, public corruption, civil rights violations, and other major crimes. It was established in 1908.
What does the Census Bureau (CENSUS) do?
The Bureau of the Census (Census Bureau) is a subdivision of the US Department of Commerce responsible for collecting and analyzing data about the population and economy of the United States. The agency conducts the decennial census, which provides data for government representation, allocation of federal funds, and policy making. It also conducts numerous other surveys on topics such as housing, business, and demographics. It was established in 1902.
What does the Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) do?
The Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) is a subdivision of the US Department of Education responsible for promoting academic excellence and ensuring equal access to education for all students in elementary and secondary schools. The office administers programs that support state and local education agencies, focusing on improving student achievement, providing resources for disadvantaged students, and enhancing teacher quality. It also oversees initiatives aimed at closing achievement gaps and fostering safe and supportive learning environments. It was established in 1980.
What does the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) do?
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Transportation responsible for regulating and overseeing all aspects of civil aviation in the United States. The agency's primary mission is to ensure the safety and efficiency of the national airspace system. It sets and enforces regulations for aircraft manufacturing and operation, certifies airmen and airports, and manages air traffic control. The FAA also conducts research to improve aviation safety and efficiency, and collaborates with international aviation authorities. It was established in 1958, originally called the Federal Aviation Agency.
What does the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) do?
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Homeland Security responsible for protecting the nation's critical infrastructure from physical and cyber threats. The agency works to enhance the security, resilience, and reliability of the nation's cyber and physical infrastructure through partnerships, information sharing, and risk management. It also provides resources, tools, and support to help organizations and individuals safeguard their systems and respond to incidents. It was established in 2018.
What does the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) do?
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Transportation responsible for ensuring the safety of motor vehicles and road users. The agency sets and enforces safety performance standards for motor vehicles and equipment, conducts research on driver behavior and traffic safety, and provides grants to state and local governments to improve highway safety. It also oversees the recall of vehicles and equipment that pose safety risks. It was established in 1970.
What does the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) do?
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Labor responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education, and assistance. OSHA's mission is to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths by issuing and enforcing rules (called standards) for workplace safety and health. It was established in 1970.
What does the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) do?
The Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) is a subdivision of the US Department of Agriculture responsible for administering the nation’s domestic nutrition assistance programs. These programs include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the National School Lunch Program, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The agency aims to provide children and low-income individuals access to food, a healthful diet, and nutrition education. It was established in 1969.
What does the International Trade Administration (ITA) do?
The International Trade Administration (ITA) is a subdivision of the US Department of Commerce responsible for promoting international trade, strengthening the competitiveness of US industry, and ensuring fair trade through rigorous enforcement of trade laws and agreements. The ITA provides data, tools, and resources to help American businesses navigate the complexities of international markets, advocates for US commercial interests abroad, and works to remove trade barriers. It was established in 1980.
What does the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) do?
The Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) is a subdivision of the Department of Housing and Urban Development responsible for enforcing federal laws that prohibit discrimination in housing. The agency ensures equal access to housing and promotes inclusive communities through the administration of fair housing laws, public education, and outreach. It also investigates complaints of housing discrimination and works to eliminate discriminatory practices. It was established in 1968.
What does the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) do?
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is a subdivision of the Department of the Treasury responsible for administering and enforcing the nation’s tax laws. It processes tax returns, collects federal taxes, issues refunds, and ensures compliance through audits and enforcement actions. The agency also provides guidance and assistance to help individuals and businesses understand and meet their tax obligations. It was established in 1862.
What does the National Space Council (NSpC) do?
The National Space Council (NSpC) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for advising and assisting the president on national space policy and strategy. Council members include cabinet-level secretaries and other executive branch officials. It was established in 1989.
What does the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) do?
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for coordinating the federal government’s response to natural disasters, emergencies, and other large-scale incidents. The agency provides financial assistance, logistical support, and planning resources to help individuals, communities, and governments prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. It also works to strengthen nationwide emergency management capabilities through training, partnerships, and risk mitigation efforts. It was established in 1979.
What does the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) do?
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for administering the nation’s major healthcare programs including Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). The agency ensures that beneficiaries have access to high-quality healthcare services while also working to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery. It was established in 1965.
What does the Coast Guard (USCG) do?
The US Coast Guard (USCG) is a subdivision of the US Department of Homeland Security responsible for ensuring the safety, security, and stewardship of the nation's waters. The agency conducts search and rescue operations, enforces maritime law, and protects the marine environment. It also supports national defense and responds to natural and man-made disasters. It was established in 1790.
What does the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) do?
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for ensuring the security of the traveling public in the United States. The agency oversees security operations at airports, including passenger screening and baggage inspection, and works to prevent and respond to threats against transportation systems. It also collaborates with other federal, state, and local agencies to ensure transportation security. It was established in 2001.
What does the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) do?
The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for providing financial and technical assistance to local public transit systems. The agency oversees safety measures, helps develop new transit technologies, and ensures that transit systems are accessible to all individuals, including those with disabilities. It was established in 1964.
What does the Secret Service (USSS) do?
The US Secret Service (USSS) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for safeguarding the nation's financial infrastructure and payment systems, as well as protecting national leaders, visiting heads of state and government, designated sites, and National Special Security Events. The agency's dual mission includes investigating and preventing financial crimes such as counterfeiting, credit card fraud, and cybercrime, while also ensuring the security of the President, Vice President, their families, and other high-profile officials. It was established in 1865.
What does the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) do?
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for overseeing the construction, maintenance, and preservation of the nation's highways, bridges, and tunnels. The agency provides financial and technical assistance to state and local governments to ensure the safety and efficiency of the national highway system. It also develops policies and guidelines to promote innovation and sustainability in transportation infrastructure. It was established in 1966.
What does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) do?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for protecting public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The agency conducts research, provides health information, and supports public health efforts to respond to health threats ranging from infectious diseases to chronic conditions. It also works with state and local partners to monitor health trends and promote health equity. It was established in 1946.
What does the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) do?
The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) is a subdivision of the US Department of Education responsible for improving results and outcomes for people with disabilities of all ages. OSERS provides a wide array of supports to parents and individuals, school districts, and states in three main areas: special education, vocational rehabilitation, and research. It was established in 1979.
What does the Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) do?
The Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Education responsible for providing financial assistance to students pursuing postsecondary education. The agency administers federal grants, loans, and work-study funds to help students cover the cost of college or career school. It also offers resources and guidance to help students and families navigate the financial aid process. It was established in 1965.
What does the United States Mint (USMINT) do?
The United States Mint (US Mint) is a subdivision of the Department of the Treasury responsible for producing coinage for the United States to conduct its trade and commerce. The agency designs and manufactures domestic, bullion, and foreign coins, as well as Congressional Gold Medals and silver, gold, and platinum bullion coins. It also maintains physical custody and protection of the nation's gold and silver assets. It was established in 1792.
What does the Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) do?
The Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) is a subdivision of the US Department of Education responsible for promoting and ensuring access to quality postsecondary education. The agency administers programs that support higher education institutions, provide financial assistance to students, and promote innovation and improvement in postsecondary education. It also works to ensure equal access to education and to foster educational excellence throughout the nation. It was established in 1980.
What does the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) do?
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a subdivision of the US Department of Labor responsible for measuring labor market activity, working conditions, and price changes in the economy. The agency collects, analyzes, and disseminates essential economic information to support public and private decision-making. It also conducts research and provides data on employment, unemployment, inflation, productivity, and other economic indicators. It was established in 1884.
What does the National Security Council (NSC) do?
The National Security Council (NSC) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for advising the President on national security and foreign policy matters. The NSC coordinates these policies among various government agencies to ensure a unified national security strategy. It was established in 1947.
What does the National Institutes of Health (NIH) do?
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a subdivision of the US Department of Health and Human Services responsible for conducting and supporting medical research to improve public health. The agency funds and conducts research in various fields of biomedical science, including the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. It also provides training for researchers and disseminates health information to the public. It was established in 1887.
What does the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) do?
The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for providing statistics in service to national agriculture. It was established in 1863.
What does the Bureau of Engraving and Printing do?
The Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) is a subdivision of the Department of the Treasury responsible for designing and producing paper currency (but not coins — those are produced by US Mint), and ensuring enough are in circulation. The agency ensures the integrity and security of the nation's currency and other government documents through advanced printing techniques and technologies. It was established in 1862.
What does the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) do?
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) is a subdivision of the US Department of Education responsible for providing rigorous and relevant evidence on which to ground education practice and policy and sharing this information broadly. The agency conducts research, evaluates programs, and collects and analyzes education statistics to improve the quality of education in the United States. It was established in 2002.
What does the Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (FCSIC) do?
The Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (FCSIC) is a subdivision of the Farm Credit Administration responsible for ensuring the timely payment of principal and interest on insured notes, bonds, and other obligations issued by the Farm Credit System banks. The agency manages the Farm Credit Insurance Fund, which is used to protect investors in Farm Credit System debt securities. It was established in 1988.
What does the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency do?
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is a subdivision of the Department of the Treasury responsible for supervision of the national banking system. The agency's mission is to ensure that national banking institutions operate in a safe and sound manner, provide fair access to financial services, treat customers fairly, and comply with applicable laws and regulations. It was established in 1863.
What does the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) do?
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for overseeing the construction, maintenance, and preservation of the nation's highways, bridges, and tunnels. The agency provides financial and technical assistance to state and local governments to ensure the safety and efficiency of the national highway system. It also develops policies and guidelines to promote innovation and sustainability in transportation infrastructure. It was established in 1966.
What does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) do?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for protecting public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The agency conducts research, provides health information, and supports public health efforts to respond to health threats ranging from infectious diseases to chronic conditions. It also works with state and local partners to monitor health trends and promote health equity. It was established in 1946.
What does the Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) do?
The Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Education responsible for providing financial assistance to students pursuing postsecondary education. The agency administers federal grants, loans, and work-study funds to help students cover the cost of college or career school. It also offers resources and guidance to help students and families navigate the financial aid process. It was established in 1965.
What countries receive the most foreign aid from the US?
In fiscal year (FY) 2023 — the most recent fully-reported year — Ukraine received $16.6 billion, the most of any country. This amount reflects disbursements, a measure of foreign aid that captures when money is actually transferred out of US government accounts. Foreign aid is reported by more than 20 agencies within the federal government that fund foreign assistance activities.
What percentage of public school funding in the US comes from the federal government?
About 13.7% or one in every seven dollars of public school funding during the 2021–22 school year. Local and state governments typically provide most school district funding, with the federal government providing the rest. Federal sources provide as little as 0% and as much as 75% of funding, depending on the district. Federal funding depends on factors such as poverty levels and other student demographics, availability of state and local revenues, and whether a district is urban, suburban, or rural. During 2021–22, which is the latest year of data available, public schools received $124.9 billion, or $2,536 in federal funds per student.
How much does the federal government spend on SNAP every year?
About $100.3 billion during fiscal year (FY) 2024. That’s 1.5% of all federal spending. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), once known as the Food Stamp program, is administered by the Department of Agriculture providing food assistance to low-income people.
How many people receive SNAP benefits in the US every month?
About 41.7 million people during fiscal year (FY) 2024. That’s 12.3% of the US population. Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is determined based on household income levels. SNAP, once known as the Food Stamp program, is administered by the Department of Agriculture providing food assistance to low-income individuals.
How much US government debt is owned by other countries?
About 25.2%, as of June 2025, or $9.13 trillion. When the federal government spends more money than it collects in revenue, it sells US Treasury securities to bring in cash and pay for the difference. People, governments, corporations, and investment funds like retirement accounts — both US and international — can purchase these.
How much is spent per Medicaid enrollee in the US?
In fiscal year (FY) 2023, $9,109 per enrollee. That's 1% lower than in FY 2022. Adjusted for inflation, Medicaid spending per enrollee is at its lowest level since 1994. Spending primarily covers benefits, but administrative costs are also included.
What does the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (PCLOB) do?
The Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (PCLOB) is an independent agency within the executive branch responsible for ensuring that the federal government's efforts to prevent terrorism are balanced with the need to protect privacy and civil liberties. The board reviews and analyzes actions taken by the executive branch to protect the nation, ensuring that these actions do not infringe upon civil liberties and privacy rights. It was established in 2007.
How much debt does the US have?
About $37.6 trillion as of September 2025. The federal government borrows money when its spending and investments cannot be funded by federal revenue alone; this debt enables the government to pay for programs and services when funds aren’t immediately available.
How much foreign aid does the US provide overall?
About $99.8 billion in aid was promised for fiscal year (FY) 2023, the most recent fully-reported year. The United States gives foreign assistance to provide humanitarian aid and support peace, security, and economic development around the world. Investing in global security and stability serves US national security interests by creating strategic and economic connections with other countries.
What is the federal government's budget deficit?
$1.83 trillion deficit in fiscal year (FY) 2024. A budget deficit occurs when the federal government spends more money than it brings in through taxes, customs duties, the sale of assets, and other revenues. When the government has a deficit, it borrows money by selling bonds and other securities in order to pay for it, adding to the national debt. A budget surplus, on the other hand, occurs when the government brings in more money than it spends.
How much federal money goes toward all state and local governments?
About $1.1 trillion in fiscal year (FY) 2024. This total includes money transferred to states, tribal governments, and local governments, such as cities and counties. Federal funding helps state and local governments pay for things like infrastructure, education, and health care for low-income people. In FY 2024, these transfers made up 16.2% of all federal spending.
How much does the US spend on defense?
About $873.5 billion in fiscal year 2024. Defense spending includes personnel compensation, equipment, research and development (R&D), and the costs associated with operating and maintaining military efforts. The Department of Defense is responsible for most spending on national defense, along with other agencies like the Department of Homeland Security and Department of Justice.
How much money does the US federal government collect?
About $4.9 trillion in fiscal year (FY) 2024. This is about $14,600 per person in the US, however individual contributions vary based on income, spending, and other factors. Government revenue is the total amount of money received from individual and corporate taxes, and other sources that are used to pay for government spending.
How much does the US federal government spend?
About $6.8 trillion in fiscal year (FY) 2024. This averages about $19,900 per person in the US. The amount the government can spend depends on the amount of revenue it collects (e.g., through taxes, customs duties, and other sources). If it has to spend more revenue than it brings in, it borrows the funds, creating debt.
How many civilian jobs are in the US federal government?
About 2.93 million, as of July 2025. Federal jobs include all jobs ranging from janitors to air traffic controllers to nurses to postal workers and more. (Enlisted service people are considered government employees but aren’t included in this figure because they’re not civilians.) Out of the 159.5 million nonfarm jobs in the US, 1.8% are in the federal government, the nation’s largest employer. Another way to look at it: The federal government is responsible for one in every 50 jobs.
How are public schools in the US funded?
Primarily from state and local governments. In the 2021–2022 school year, the most recent year of available data, about 44.1% of public school funding came from state sources like income and retail taxes, and another 42.2% came from local sources like property taxes. The federal government provided the remaining 13.7%, often through programs like Title I or IDEA that are aimed at supporting specific student needs. Altogether, public schools received $909.2 billion in funding, or $18,500 per student.
How much does Medicaid cost in the US?
A combined $894 billion in state and federal spending in fiscal year (FY) 2023, the most recent data available. That’s about $2,700 for every person living in the US. As a health insurance program for low-income individuals, Medicaid is jointly funded by both levels of government, with the federal government covering the larger share.
What does the Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes (OLHCHH) do?
The Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes (OLHCHH) is a subdivision of the Department of Housing and Urban Development responsible for addressing lead-based paint hazards and other health and safety hazards in homes. The agency works to eliminate lead-based paint hazards in privately-owned and low-income housing, as well as to promote healthy housing through various programs and initiatives. It was established in 1992.
What does the Science and Technology Directorate (ST) do?
The Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for providing the department science and technology support. The directorate conducts research, development, testing, and evaluation of technologies and capabilities to counter threats and enhance security. It was established in 2003.
What does the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) do?
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation that regulates and oversees the safety of commercial motor vehicles. Its mission is to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses through enforcement, inspections, and industry outreach. The agency was established in 2000.
What does the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) do?
The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for establishing the nation's drug control program. The agency aims to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences. It was established in 1988.
What does the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC) do?
The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) is a subdivision of the Department of Homeland Security that provides training for law enforcement professionals throughout their careers. Its programs cover areas such as criminal investigation, counterterrorism, and cybersecurity, preparing personnel to protect and serve the public. The center was established in 1970.
What does the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) do?
The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for improving access to health care services for people who are uninsured, geographically isolated, or medically vulnerable. The agency provides funding to health providers, supports health workforce training, and oversees discounted prescription drug progams. It was established in 1982.
What does the Senate do?
The Senate is one of two chambers of the legislative branch responsible for creating and passing federal laws. It has 100 members — two from each state — who serve six-year terms with no limit. As one of the chambers of Congress, the Senate enacts federal laws, sets federal budgets, declares wars and approves treaties, confirms presidential appointments like judges and cabinet members, and conducts impeachment trials for federal officials. It was established in 1789.
What does the Administration for Community Living (ACL) do?
The Administration for Community Living (ACL) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services which focuses on expanding access to community support and meeting the needs of older Americans and people with disabilities at every stage of life. The agency works to help them live where they want, with the people they choose, and take part fully in their communities. It was established in 2012.
What does the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) do?
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for ensuring the safe and secure movement of hazardous materials through the nation. It was established in 2005.
What does the Veterans' Employment and Training Service (VETS) do?
The Veterans' Employment and Training Service (VETS) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for preparing America's veterans, service members, and their spouses for meaningful careers. The agency provides resources and expertise to assist veterans in obtaining employment and protects their employment rights. It also offers training programs, job search assistance, and employer outreach to ensure veterans have the support they need to transition to civilian employment. It was established in 1974.
What does the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) do?
The Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for promoting the growth and competitiveness of minority-owned businesses. The agency provides resources, advocacy, and support to help these businesses access capital, contracts, and markets. It was established in 1969.
What does the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) do?
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) is an independent agency responsible for consumer protection in the financial sector. The bureau's primary mission is to ensure that markets for consumer financial products and services work for Americans. The CFPB enforces federal consumer financial laws, supervises financial institutions, and educates consumers to make informed financial decisions. It was established in 2010 as part of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
What does the Farm Service Agency (FSA) do?
The Farm Service Agency (FSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture that administers farm loans, commodity and marketing programs, conservation efforts, and disaster assistance. Its programs help stabilize farm income, support land and water conservation, provide credit to new or disadvantaged farmers, and aid recovery from natural disasters. The agency was established in it's current form in 1994.
What does the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) do?
The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) is a subdivision of the Department of the Treasury responsible for enforcing and administering laws covering the production, use, and distribution of alcohol and tobacco products. The agency ensures that these products are labeled, advertised, and marketed in accordance with the law, and it collects excise taxes on alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and ammunition. It also works to prevent unfair and unlawful market practices and to protect consumers. It was established in 2003 under the Homeland Security Act. Regulation of alcohol, tobacco, and firearms have existed in some form by federal agencies since 1789.
What does the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) do?
The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for protecting and promoting US agricultural health, regulating genetically engineered organisms, administering the Animal Welfare Act, and carrying out wildlife damage management activities. APHIS works to ensure the health and care of animals and plants, in relation to the economy and public health. It was established in 1972.
What does the Rural Housing Service (RHS) do?
The Rural Housing Service (RHS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for providing financial assistance and support to improve housing and infrastructure in rural areas. It was established in 1994.
What does the Economic Research Service (ERS) do?
The Economic Research Service (ERS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for providing economic research and analysis on policy related to agriculture, food, the environment, and rural development. The agency conducts research to inform public and private decision-making on topics such as agricultural productivity, food safety, and the economic well-being of rural America. It was established in 1961.
What does the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) do?
The Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for coordinating federal environmental efforts and working closely with agencies and other White House offices in the development of environmental policies and initiatives. The CEQ oversees the implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), ensuring that federal agencies meet their obligations under the Act. It also advises the President on environmental policies and initiatives. It was established in 1969.
What does the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) do?
The Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) is a subdivision of the Department of Housing and Urban Development responsible for promoting homeownership by guaranteeing mortgage-backed securities, ensuring that mortgage lenders have the necessary funds to offer loans to homebuyers. It was established in 1968.
What does the Bureau of Trust Funds Administration (BTFA) do?
The Bureau of Trust Funds Administration (BTFA) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for managing financial assets held in trust by the federal government for Native American tribes and individual Native Americans. The agency ensures the proper management, investment, and disbursement of these trust funds, providing accountability and transparency in its operations. It was established to uphold the federal government's trust responsibilities and to support the economic development and financial stability of Native American communities. It was established in it's current form in 2020.
What does the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) do?
The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for offering the President objective economic advice on the formulation of both domestic and international economic policy. The agency analyzes and interprets economic developments, appraises programs and policies of the federal government, and recommends economic policies that will promote employment, production, and purchasing power. It was established in 1946.
What does the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) do?
The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's railroad system. The agency develops and enforces rail safety regulations, administers financial assistance programs to support rail infrastructure, and conducts research to improve rail safety and efficiency. It was established in 1966.
What does the Great Lakes Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (GLS) do?
The Great Lakes Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (GLS) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for operating and maintaining the US portion of the Saint Lawrence Seaway, which runs between Montreal and Lake Erie. The agency ensures the safe and efficient movement of vessels through the seaway, conducts infrastructure maintenance, and promotes economic development in the Great Lakes region. It was established in 1954.
What does the National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC) do?
The National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for supporting tribal economic development through the gaming industry. The agency oversees compliance with the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act and regulates gaming activity. It was established in 1988.
What does the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) do?
The Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) is a subdivision of the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities responsible for administering grants to America's museums, libraries, and related organizations. It was established in 1996.
What does the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) do?
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an independent foreign intelligence agency. Its primary mission is to collect, analyze, and disseminate information to the president and other policymakers to help safeguard national security. The CIA conducts covert operations and gathers intelligence on foreign entities to avert threats and inform governmental decisions. It was established in 1947.
What does the Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS) do?
The Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for promoting and protecting democracy and integrity within labor unions by enforcing standards for union officer elections, investigating violations, and requiring public disclosure of union financial information. It was established in 1959.
What does the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) do?
The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for managing the development of the nation's offshore resources in an environmentally and economically responsible way. The agency oversees leasing for oil and gas exploration, renewable energy development, and marine mineral extraction on the Outer Continental Shelf. It was established in 2011.
What does the Smithsonian Institution (SI) do?
The Smithsonian Institution (SI) is a government entity responsible for preserving cultural heritage and sharing art, history, and culture with the American people and the world. It is a complex comprising 21 museums, 14 education and research centers, and the National Zoo. It was established in 1846.
What does the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) do?
The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for managing US agriculture trade. The agency works to improve foreign market access for US products, build new markets, improve the competitive position of US agriculture in the global marketplace, and provide food aid and technical assistance to foreign countries. It was established in 1953.
What does the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) do?
The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) is a subdivision of the Department of Justice responsible for the administration of the federal prison system. The agency ensures that federal inmates are confined in facilities that are safe, humane, cost-efficient, and secure. It also provides programs and services to inmates that facilitate their successful reintegration into society. The Bureau of Prisons was established in 1930.
What does the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) do?
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) is a national institution dedicated to the documentation, study, and interpretation of Holocaust history. The museum's primary mission is to advance and disseminate knowledge about this history, and educate citizens and leaders to confront hatred and prevent genocide. The museum was established in 1993. The Council that founded it, the United States Holocaust Memorial Council, was established by Congress in 1980.
What does the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) do?
The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for advising the president on telecommunications and information policy issues. It was established in 1978.
What does the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) do?
The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for helping farmers and landowners conserve natural resources. It was established in 1935.
What does the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) do?
The Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for providing quality education opportunities from early childhood through life in accordance with a tribe's needs for cultural and economic well-being. It was established in 2006.
What does the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA) do?
The Office of Insular Affairs is a subdivision of the US Department of the Interior responsible for overseeing federal administration of the US territories. The agency works to ensure that the territories receive appropriate federal support and services and coordinates with territorial governments to address their needs. It was established in 1934.
What does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) do?
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency created by Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation's financial system. The FDIC's primary functions include insuring deposits at banks and thrift institutions, examining and supervising financial institutions for safety and soundness, and managing receiverships of failed banks. By providing deposit insurance, the FDIC protects depositors by covering the balance of their accounts up to the insurance limit, thereby promoting trust in the banking system. It was established in 1933.
What does the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) do?
The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for overseeing the safe and environmentally responsible development of the nation's offshore energy resources. The agency enforces safety and environmental regulations, conducts inspections, and ensures compliance with federal laws to prevent oil spills and other hazards. It also promotes the use of best practices and technologies to enhance safety and environmental protection. It was established in 2011.
What does the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) do?
The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is an independent federal agency responsible for regulating, chartering, and supervising federal credit unions across the United States. Its primary mission is to ensure the safety and soundness of credit unions and protect the interests of their members. The NCUA administers the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF), which insures deposits at federally insured credit unions. It was established in 1970.
What does the Indian Health Service (IHS) do?
The Indian Health Service (IHS) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for providing comprehensive health services to American Indians and Alaska Natives. It was established in 1955.
What does the US Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH) do?
The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH) is an independent federal agency within the executive branch responsible for leading the implementation of the federal strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. The agency coordinates the federal response to homelessness and creates national partnerships to address this issue. USICH is advised by a Council that includes the heads of its 20 federal member agencies. It was established in 1987.
What does the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) do?
The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for enforcing compliance with mandatory safety and health standards to eliminate deaths, injuries, and health hazards in the mining industry. It was established in 1977.
What does the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) do?
The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for executing the strategic marketing of agricultural products in domestic and international markets. The agency sets standards, provides grading, and shares market information for farm products to support fair trading and a competitive marketplace. It also oversees organic farming through certification and compliance programs. It was established in 1939.
What does the Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) do?
The Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) is an independent agency in the executive branch responsible for administering retirement, survivor, and unemployment/sickness insurance benefit programs for railroad workers. It was established in 1935.
What does the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC) do?
The Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC) is an independent agency responsible for providing administrative trial and appellate review of legal disputes arising under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Amendments Act of 1977, through which it was established.
What does the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) do?
The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for making federal data available to the public. It was established in 1950.
What does the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (ETA) do?
The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for cleaning up mining lands and returning them to productive use. It was established in 1977.
What does the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) do?
The Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) is an independent agency within the executive branch responsible for providing independent analysis, advice, and recommendations to the president and the Secretary of Energy regarding public health and safety issues at Department of Energy defense nuclear facilities. It was established in 1988.
What does the Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) do?
The Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) is an independent agency responsible for promoting economic growth and infrastructure development abroad. The agency's functions include funding feasibility studies, technical assistance, and pilot projects that integrate US expertise into global infrastructure projects. It was established in 1992.
What does the Office of Government Ethics (OGE) do?
The Office of Government Ethics (OGE) is an independent agency responsible for providing oversight, policy, and guidance to the executive branch regarding ethics laws and policies. The agency's functions include establishing standards of conduct for executive branch employees, offering training and support to agency ethics offices, and ensuraing that agencies comply with requirements. It was established in 1978.
What does the Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) do?
The Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for managing water resources in the western United States. The agency oversees the operation of dams, power plants, and canals to provide water for irrigation, municipal, and industrial use. It also works on water conservation, environmental protection, and recreation projects. It was established in 1902.
What does the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) do?
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for improving the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for all Americans. The agency conducts research to provide evidence-based information on healthcare outcomes, quality, cost, use, and access. It also develops tools and resources to help healthcare providers and policymakers make informed decisions. It was established in 1989.
What does the Program Support Center (PSC) do?
The Program Support Center (PSC) is a subdivision of the US Department of Health and Human Services responsible for providing a wide range of administrative and operational support services to various components of the department and other federal agencies. These services include financial management, human resources, procurement, and other essential functions that help ensure the efficient operation of government programs. The PSC aims to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of government operations through shared services and innovative solutions. It was established in 1995.
What does the Wage and Hour Division (WHD) do?
The Wage and Hour Division (WHD) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for enforcing federal labor laws related to minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and child labor. The agency ensures that workers receive fair compensation and work in safe conditions by conducting investigations and providing education and outreach to both employers and employees. It was established in 1938.
What does the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) do?
The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for advising the President on the effects of science and technology on domestic and international affairs. The OSTP leads interagency efforts to develop and implement sound science and technology policies and budgets, and works to ensure that the United States remains a global leader in innovation. It also collaborates with the private sector, academia, and other stakeholders to address national challenges and promote scientific and technological advancements. It was established in 1976.
What does the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Export-Import Bank of the United States) do?
The Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM) is an independent federal agency responsible for supporting the creation and maintenance of US jobs by financing the export of American goods and services to international markets. The agency provides loans, guarantees, and insurance to help US businesses compete globally and mitigate the risks associated with international trade. It was established in 1934 by an executive order of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to aid US companies during the Great Depression.
What does the Economic Development Administration (EDA) do?
The Economic Development Administration (EDA) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce that supports regional growth by promoting innovation and competitiveness. It provides grants and technical assistance for projects that create jobs and stimulate industrial and commercial activity. The agency was established in 1965.
What does the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (FCSC) do?
The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States (FCSC) is a subdivision of the Department of Justice responsible for adjudicating claims of US nationals against foreign governments. It was established in 1954.
What does the Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) do?
The Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for ensuring the security of retirement, health, and other workplace-related benefits for America's workers and their families. The agency enforces the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and provides assistance to workers in understanding their rights and benefits. It also oversees the administration of pension plans and health plans to ensure compliance with federal regulations. It was established in 1974.
What does the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) do?
The Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) is an independent agency within the executive branch responsible for providing independent analysis, advice, and recommendations to the president and the Secretary of Energy regarding public health and safety issues at Department of Energy defense nuclear facilities. It was established in 1988.
What does the Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) do?
The Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) is an independent agency responsible for promoting economic growth and infrastructure development abroad. The agency's functions include funding feasibility studies, technical assistance, and pilot projects that integrate US expertise into global infrastructure projects. It was established in 1992.
What does the Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) do?
The Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) is a subdivision of the Department of the Interior responsible for managing water resources in the western United States. The agency oversees the operation of dams, power plants, and canals to provide water for irrigation, municipal, and industrial use. It also works on water conservation, environmental protection, and recreation projects. It was established in 1902.
What does the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) do?
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for improving the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for all Americans. The agency conducts research to provide evidence-based information on healthcare outcomes, quality, cost, use, and access. It also develops tools and resources to help healthcare providers and policymakers make informed decisions. It was established in 1989.
What does the Program Support Center (PSC) do?
The Program Support Center (PSC) is a subdivision of the US Department of Health and Human Services responsible for providing a wide range of administrative and operational support services to various components of the department and other federal agencies. These services include financial management, human resources, procurement, and other essential functions that help ensure the efficient operation of government programs. The PSC aims to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of government operations through shared services and innovative solutions. It was established in 1995.
What does the United States Parole Commission (USCP) do?
The United States Parole Commission (USPC) is a subdivision of the Department of Justice responsible for overseeing the parole process for federal prisoners. The agency evaluates the suitability of inmates for parole, sets conditions for parole, and supervises parolees to ensure compliance with the terms of their release. It also has the authority to revoke parole if conditions are violated. The USPC aims to promote public safety by facilitating the reintegration of offenders into society while ensuring they adhere to legal and rehabilitative standards. It was established in 1976.
What does the Surface Transportation Board (STB) do?
The Surface Transportation Board (STB) is an independent federal agency responsible for the economic regulation of primarily freight rail. The Board's functions include overseeing railroad issues and rail resctructuring deals. It was established in 1996.
What does the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) do?
The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) is a subdivision of the Executive Office of the President responsible for advising the President on the effects of science and technology on domestic and international affairs. The OSTP leads interagency efforts to develop and implement sound science and technology policies and budgets, and works to ensure that the United States remains a global leader in innovation. It also collaborates with the private sector, academia, and other stakeholders to address national challenges and promote scientific and technological advancements. It was established in 1976.
What does the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) do?
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is an independent public corporation responsible for providing electricity for business customers and local power companies, as well as managing natural resources in the Tennessee Valley region. The agency's functions include environmental stewardship, economic development, and being an energy provider. It was established in 1933.
What does the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) do?
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for promoting innovation and industrial competitiveness through science. It was established in 1901.
What does the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) do?
The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is a subdivision of the Department of Commerce responsible for advancing US national security, foreign policy, and economic objectives by ensuring an effective export control and treaty compliance system. The agency controls which sensitive goods and technologies can be sold or shared abroad. It makes sure companies follow international arms control rules and works to stop the spread of weapons of mass destruction. It was established in it's current form in 2002. Prior to then, it was known as the Bureau of Export Administration.
What does the Maritime Administration (MARAD) do?
The Maritime Administration (MARAD) is a subdivision of the Department of Transportation responsible for the waterborne transportation system of the United States. It oversees the US merchant marine and supports national defense and economic needs. It was established in 1950.
What does the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) do?
The Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) is an independent agency responsible for overseeing and directing the implementation of the National Intelligence Program. The ODNI's primary mission is to lead and support the integration of the intelligence community to protect the interests of the United States. It was established in 2004.
What does the Rural Utilities Service (RUS) do?
The Rural Utilities Service (RUS) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for providing financing to improve utilities infrastructure in rural areas. It was established in 1935.
What does the Office of Community Planning and Development (CPD) do?
The Office of Community Planning and Development (CPD) is a subdivision of the Department of Housing and Urban Development responsible for promoting viable communities by providing decent housing and a suitable living environment and expanding economic opportunities for low- and moderate-income persons.
What does the Employment and Training Administration (ETA) do?
The Employment and Training Administration (ETA) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for providing job training, and labor market information to prospective job seekers. The agency aims to strengthen the workforce. It offers programs and initiatives to support job seekers, employers, and communities in achieving economic stability and growth. It was established in its current form in 1975.
What does the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) do?
The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent agency responsible for supporting research, education, preservation, and public programs in the humanities. The agency provides grants to cultural institutions such as museums, archives, libraries, colleges, universities, public television and radio stations, and individual scholars. It was established in 1965.
What does the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) do?
The Administration for Children and Families (ACF) is a subdivision of the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for promoting the economic and social well-being of families, children, individuals, and communities. The agency runs programs that provide services and support for vulnerable populations, including child welfare, early childhood education, and family assistance. It was established in 1991.
What does the Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) do?
The Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for developing and influencing policies and practices that improve employment opportunities for people with disabilities. It was established in 2001.
What does the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) do?
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is a subdivision of the Department of Agriculture responsible for advancing agricultural sciences through research, education, and programs. It collaborates with universities, government agencies, and other partners to address critical issues facing agriculture. It was established in 2008.
What does the US Marshals (MARSHALS) do?
The United States Marshals Service (USMS) is a subdivision of the Department of Justice responsible for executing federal court orders, ensuring the safety of federal judicial officials, apprehending fugitives, managing and transporting prisoners, and protecting witnesses. It was established in 1789.
What does the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) do?
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is an independent public corporation responsible for providing electricity for business customers and local power companies, as well as managing natural resources in the Tennessee Valley region. The agency's functions include environmental stewardship, economic development, and being an energy provider. It was established in 1933.
What does the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation do?
The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) is a federal agency responsible for protecting the retirement incomes of American workers in private-sector defined benefit pension plans. The agency's primary mission is to ensure that participants in these pension plans receive their promised benefits. PBGC operates two insurance programs: one for single-employer pension plans and another for multiemployer pension plans, providing financial assistance and directly paying benefits to retirees when necessary. It was established in 1974 under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act.
What does the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) do?
The Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) is an independent federal agency responsible for investigating industrial chemical accidents. The board's primary mission is to determine the root causes of chemical incidents and provide recommendations to prevent future occurrences. The CSB advocates for the implementation of safety measures to protect workers, the public, and the environment. It was established in 1998.
What does the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (FRTIB) do?
The Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (FRTIB) is an independent agency responsible for administering the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), a retirement savings and investment plan for federal employees and members of the uniformed services, including the Ready Reserve. The TSP is a tax-deferred, defined contribution plan that constitutes one of the three components of the Federal Employees' Retirement System (FERS). The FRTIB's mission is to administer the TSP in the interest of its participants and beneficiaries. It was established in 1986.
What does the National Council on Disability (NCD) do?
The National Council on Disability (NCD) is an independent, nonpartisan federal agency responsible for advising the president, Congress, and other federal agencies on policies and programs that affect people with disabilities. The council's functions include providing recommendations to promote the goals of the Americans with Disabilities Act, collaborating with individuals with disabilities, and ensuring that disability policies are inclusive and effective. It was established in 1978.
What does the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) do?
The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) is an independent agency responsible for supporting and funding artistic excellence, creativity, and innovation for the benefit of individuals and communities. The agency provides grants to artists and arts organizations to promote access to the arts, arts education, and the preservation of cultural heritage. It was established in 1965.
What does the US Postal Service (USPS) do?
The United States Postal Service (USPS) is an independent agency responsible for providing postal services to the American public. Its primary mission is to deliver mail and packages to every address in the nation, ensuring equal service to all citizens. The USPS operates a vast network of post offices and employs hundreds of thousands of workers to manage mail sorting, delivery, and customer service. It was established in its current form in 1971, following the reorganization of the Post Office Department into its current form. The Post Office Department was established in 1792.
What does the African Development Foundation (USADF) do?
The United States African Development Foundation (USADF) is an independent agency responsible for investing directly in African grassroots enterprises and social entrepreneurs. The foundation's primary mission is to increase incomes, revenues, and jobs by promoting self-reliance and market-based solutions to poverty. USADF targets marginalized populations and underserved communities in the United States, as well as in Africa. It partners with African governments, other US government agencies, private corporations, and foundations. It was established in 1980.
What does the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) do?
The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is an independent agency responsible for protecting the public from unreasonable risks of injury or death associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. The agency's functions include banning dangerous consumer products, establishing safety requirements, issuing recalls, and conducting research on potential hazards. It was established in 1972.
What does the General Services Administration (GSA) do?
The General Services Administration (GSA) is an independent agency responsible for managing and supporting the basic functioning of federal agencies. Its primary mission includes supplying products and services for US government offices, including real estate, acquisition, and technology services. It was established in 1949.
What does the Legal Services Corporation (LSC) do?
The Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is an independent agency responsible for promoting equal access to justice in the United States by funding organizations that provide civil legal aid to low-income individuals. It was established in 1974.
What does the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE) do?
The Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE) is an independent entity within the executive branch responsible for addressing integrity, economy, and effectiveness issues that transcend individual government agencies. The council's functions include developing policies, technical standards, and approaches to aid in the establishment of a well-trained and highly skilled workforce in the inspector general's offices around the federal government. It was established in 2008.
What does the Farm Credit Administration (FCA) do?
The Farm Credit Administration (FCA) is an independent agency responsible for regulating and overseeing the Farm Credit System, a network of borrower-owned financial institutions that provide credit to farmers, ranchers, agricultural cooperatives, and rural utility cooperatives. The FCA ensures that these institutions operate safely and effectively by conducting regular audits to evaluate their financial health, risk management practices, and adherence to regulations. It also provides oversight for Farmer Mac, ensuring dependable sources of credit and related services for agriculture and rural America. The FCA was established in 1933.
What does the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) do?
The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) is a subdivision of the Department of Labor responsible for ensuring that employers doing business with the federal government comply with the laws and regulations requiring nondiscrimination. It was established in 1965.
What does the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency (CSOSA) do?
The Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency (CSOSA) is a federal agency responsible for supervising adults on parole, probation, and supervised release in the District of Columbia. The agency's primary mission is to increase public safety, prevent crime, and reduce recidivism through close collaboration with the community. It was established in 1997.
What does the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) do?
The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is an independent agency responsible for overseeing and regulating Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Federal Home Loan Banks. The agency's primary mission is to ensure that these entities operate in a safe and sound manner, providing a reliable source of liquidity and funding for housing finance and community investment. It was established in 2008 as part of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act.
What does the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) do?
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent federal agency responsible for protecting investors, maintaining fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitating capital formation. The SEC oversees securities exchanges, securities brokers and dealers, investment advisors, and mutual funds. It enforces the statutory requirement that public companies and other regulated entities submit quarterly and annual reports, as well as other periodic disclosures. The SEC was established in 1934 following the stock market crash of 1929 to restore investor confidence in the securities markets.
What does the James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (JMMFF) do?
The James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (JMMFF) is an independent agency responsible for improving teaching about the United States Constitution in secondary schools. The foundation administers a fellowship program that encourages graduate study of the U.S. Constitution. It was established in 1986.
All about taxes
Word on the street is that the Big Beautiful Bill might come with some big tax changes. What's the tax story so far? Here's your one stop shop for everything taxes.
Just the Facts about the federal budget
Steve talks about the federal budget, including how the government makes money (namely, income taxes) and how revenue collection and spending decisions impact the US federal deficit and debt, military spending, and American daily life.
When does the One Big Beautiful Bill take effect?
Published July 18, 2025 by the USAFacts team
How is the federal budget distributed across agencies?
Explore how federal money flows through the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
Everything you need to know about a government shutdown
A shutdown of the United States government affects people, government agencies, and businesses not just here, but worldwide.Here are the answers to some of Americans’ most-asked questions about a government shutdown:What is a government shutdown?A government shutdown occurs when Congress fails to pass or the president refuses to sign a spending bill to fund the federal government’s operations. This results in a funding gap that can cause several government functions to be temporarily disrupted. Government shutdowns are often resolved by Congress passing continuing resolutions, which provide short-term funding while negotiations for a long-term solution continue. Every shutdown since 1990 has been ended with a continuing resolution.
Is there a shortage of air traffic controllers?
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) controls air traffic at 290 terminals. And as of September 2024, over 40% of them were understaffed.In 2023, the FAA established a 85.0% staffing goal for terminal air control facilities. One-hundred and eighteen of them fell short of that target in 2024. Meanwhile, 172 facilities met or exceeded the staffing goal. Eighty-five had staffing levels of more than 100%; this was partially due to intentional overstaffing of new hires to account for expected attrition over the next two or three years. How understaffed were the facilities that fell short of the goal? Eighty-six had staffing ranges between 75.0% and 84.9%. The remaining 32 were staffed to 74.9% capacity or less.In 2024, the FAA employed 14,264 air traffic controllers.
How many people work for the federal government?
As of August 2025, the federal government employed just under 3 million people. Federal government employees work at departments or agencies in one of the three branches of government — executive, legislative, or judicial — under the executive branch. It’s the 14th-largest workforce in all industries nationwide. When data tracking began in 1939, the federal workforce was less than one million. Federal employment numbers peaked at 3.4 million in May 1990 and the most recent low was in March 2014, with 2.7 million.How has the federal workforce changed over time? Between 1929 and 1945, the United States was grappling with the Great Depression and World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced the New Deal in 1933, and over the next five years established numerous new federal agencies to give people aid, and work, and get the country out of the Great Depression. And these agencies required thousands to staff them. Some agencies created during this period are still around, such as the Social Security Administration (SSA) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).The federal government increased civilian hiring during WWII to support the war effort. By February 1943, more than 3 million people worked for the federal government — tripling the civilian workforce in three years.
How much does Medicare cost the federal government?
About $1.1 trillion in 2024. Spending on Medicare, a federally run health insurance program primarily for people 65 and older, came out to $17,786 per beneficiary or $3,299 for every person in the US.
Who funds the FAA? You, whenever you fly
The majority of the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) budget comes from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund (AATF), established by the Treasury Department in 1970 to support American aviation infrastructure. It collects revenue by taxing domestic flight tickets, international arrivals and departures, air cargo, plane fuel, and travelers’ purchases in loyalty and frequent flier programs.Passenger taxes are applied at the time of ticket purchase. Domestic passenger tickets were taxed at 7.5% in 2025. Flights between the continental US and Hawaii or Alaska added another $11.40 per passenger. These taxes contribute to the FAA’s budget.
The 2025 government shutdown is the longest in US history
The 2025 government shutdown reached 35 days on November 5, eclipsing a 34-day shutdown in 2018–2019 for the longest in US history.The shutdown started when the previous budget expired at the onset of the fiscal year on October 1. Congress has been unable to pass a continuing resolution to reopen operations.
Which states contribute the most and least to federal revenue?
In FY 2024, the federal government collected around $5.07 trillion from states and their residents through taxes on individuals and businesses and redistributed about $4.87 trillion back to states and residents through programs like Social Security, Medicaid, Medicare, food stamps, and education grants. The balance varies by state: Californians paid about $275.6 billion more to the federal government than they received, while Virginians received about $89.0 billion more than they paid.
How much do states spend on housing prisoners?
Over 1 million people were incarcerated as of December 2023, according to Bureau of Justice Statistics data. To house them, state governments spent a combined $63.6 billion. Spending per prisoner varies more than tenfold across states, from just under $20,000 in Mississippi to $284,976 in Massachusetts, more than double that of any other state. Median state spending was $60,989 per prisoner for the year.
How will the government shutdown impact SNAP?
As the second-longest shutdown in US history continues, its effects increase over time: thousands of federal employees are furloughed, airport controllers and TSA agents work without pay, and without federal funding, millions of people may be without food assistance. The Agriculture Department (USDA) runs the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, known as SNAP, to provide food assistance to low-income people. SNAP is funded by open-ended mandatory spending, meaning that spending is not capped, and spending on the program depends on how many people qualify and claim benefits. Although the program is considered essential, its benefits rely on annual budgets. Without a budget or a continuing resolution, funds may run out. The USDA announced that no additional program funding is available beginning November 1, 2025. Twenty-five states and Washington, DC, have filed a lawsuit against the USDA for suspending SNAP funds. As of October 31, two federal judges have ruled that the administration must use contingency funding to support SNAP.As of this publication, at least three bills have been introduced to Congress to cover SNAP funding during the shutdown.
What is the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program?
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, or WIC, provides federal grants to states to support low-income women who are pregnant, postpartum, or breastfeeding, as well as infants and children under age 5 who are at nutritional risk. These grants fund state and local WIC agencies to provide participants with food benefits through Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards, along with nutrition education, breastfeeding support, and referrals to health and social services. WIC is a federal program run by the Department of Agriculture (USDA) through its Food and Nutrition Service (FNS). It was created in 1972 as a pilot program to provide supplemental foods and nutrition education to low-income women, infants, and young children, and it was made permanent in 1975 in the Child Nutrition Act of 1966. How many people get WIC benefits?In FY 2024, 6.7 million women, infants, and children received WIC benefits. For comparison, 41.7 million people received SNAP benefits in FY 2024, more than six times as many as received WIC. WIC participation has changed over time: It grew steadily from 1975 by around 245,000 participants per year until its peak in 2010 at 9.2 million participants. After 2010, participation declined each year until 2021, but WIC participation increased again in 2022. The USDA attributes the drop in participation to declining unemployment and poverty rates, and falling birth rates. The agency also cites barriers such as eligibility confusion, transportation challenges, and stigma associated with participating in the program for the decline.
What happens during a government shutdown furlough?
When Congress doesn’t pass a law to fund the government, many federal operations pause until new funding is approved. During these periods, known as government shutdowns, some federal employees are placed on temporary unpaid leave, called furloughs, while others continue working in essential roles.
What happens to data during a government shutdown?
When the government shuts down, some operations continue, and some do not. This depends on what the Antideficiency Act defines as excepted, or “essential,” and nonexcepted, or “nonessential.” Like everything else, data maintenance, upkeep, and availability fall into these categories. Government activities and personnel are considered essential and can continue certain functions if they are: Authorized by law (like Social Security payments) Necessary to protect life or property (like law enforcement, medical care, air traffic control, SNAP benefits) Necessary to facilitate an orderly shutdown of the government (like issuing furlough notices). Federal activities can also continue if they are funded separately from annual appropriations. This includes Postal Service operations, which are funded by revenue from postage and other mail services rather than taxpayer appropriations. This also includes the Federal Reserve, which funds its operations independently from the federal budget through income on its own assets.
How much does FEMA spend on disaster response?
Around $31.7 billion per year on average, according to the last five years of data. In 2024, that would have been around 0.47% of the federal budget. This funding goes toward direct aid for individuals, debris removal, repairing public infrastructure, and projects that reduce future disaster risks.
How much money does the government spend per person?
The federal government spent $6.8 trillion in 2024, up 6.7% from the previous year after adjusting for inflation. Spending per person totaled $19,932 per person, a 5.6% increase from 2023. Expenditures were distributed across several major categories, with the largest portions going towards Social Security at $4,295, defense and veterans spending at $3,518, and transfers to state and local governments at $3,368.
How will the One Big Beautiful Bill Act impact Medicaid?
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), which was signed into law on July 4, 2025, contains over 30 different provisions related to Medicaid — one of the nation’s largest assistance programs. The legislation is poised to change who may be eligible, how people enroll, and how states fund their programs.Medicaid provides free or low-cost medical insurance to millions of low-income individuals. About 89 million people, or 26% of the population, were covered at some point in fiscal year (FY) 2024.
How does the government budget process work?
Government budgeting is a massive project. Each year, the federal government takes in trillions of dollars and redistributes them (and, in most years, more) to fund government programs and address the current administration’s priorities.At USAFacts, we talk a lot about budget outcomes — how the government spends its money and what that means for the American people. But the process itself is a whole other issue, one itself that leads to political tensions, potential government shutdowns, and ultimately, a plan for the financial future of the country.
Who takes over when a president can no longer serve?
The Constitution and federal laws ensure continuity in leadership when a president can no longer serve — if they die, resign, are removed from office, or are permanently incapacitated — by codifying an order of succession.Transfers of power for temporary incapacity, such as when a president undergoes surgery, are handled differently and usually involve naming a temporary acting president.What is presidential succession?Presidential succession is the process of passing on the powers of the presidency if the office becomes permanently vacant. Federal legislation establishes the order of the succession, beginning with the vice president and extending through congressional leaders and Cabinet members, so that if multiple high-ranking government officials are incapacitated there’s still a clear and continuous transfer of power.
USAFacts and bias: Why we care about nonpartisanship
USAFacts is here for a clear reason — to make information about the US government accessible to the public, so that people can make informed decisions on how the government is representing their interests.That Americans deserve access government data without political or corporate influence is baked into our mission. As a non-government, nonprofit organization, we are in a unique position to deliver information without the same motivations as a private corporation or a partisan advocacy organization.Ad Fontes Media, which rates media on reliability and partisanship, publishes a periodic report scoring media companies and organizations by their trustworthiness and political leaning.In the most recent version of their Media Bias Chart, released in August 2025, USAFacts earned the highest reliability rating and the lowest bias score on the entire chart. We’re proud that Ad Fontes’s methodology sees our work at USAFacts as reliable and nonpartisan.
How much of the American workforce is unionized?
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 9.9% of US workers — 14.3 million people — were union members in 2024. This was the lowest point of a slow but steady decline. In 1983, 20.1% of the workforce was unionized, or 17.7 million people. Union membership has decreased every year since except for three.
How many US children receive free or reduced-price school lunch?
In 2024, 21.4 million students received subsidized lunches through the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) — 72.5% of all public-school lunches were served free or at a discount. NSLP subsidies are available to public school students as well as students at nonprofit private schools. During the COVID-19 pandemic, school closures led to a drop in NSLP participation, from 29.6 million kids in 2019 to 11.0 million in 2021; fewer open schools meant fewer kids needing lunch. A pandemic waiver allowed all students who were physically attending school to receive free meals, and 98.9% of all 2021 school lunches were at least partially subsidized. The free and reduced-price school lunch program is now resettling after that aberration.
What goes into the monthly jobs report?
The latest edition of the Bureau of Labor Statistics's (BLS) monthly jobs report, released August 1, 2025, reported “little change” in jobs numbers since April. Citing the report, President Trump directed his team to fire the Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Erika McEntarfer.What does the jobs report show?The August update showed 73,000 jobs added in July.The report also customarily revises recent months' data as the agency receives more information from businesses. In August, the BLS revised May jobs numbers from 144,000 to 19,000 and June from 147,000 to 14,000.
What’s in the Rescissions Act of 2025?
The Senate recently passed a rescission package, the Rescissions Act of 2025, which proposes canceling nearly $9 billion in already-approved funding for the State Department, the US Agency for International Development (USAID), and other independent agencies and organizations — including the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.What is a rescission package?A rescission cancels previously approved funding, and a rescissions package is a formal request to cut funding in multiple areas. Under the Impoundment Control Act, the President can propose delaying or canceling funds Congress has already approved and Congress has 45 continuous legislative days to enact or reject the proposal. During this period, the executive branch can temporarily withhold the funds. If Congress takes no action, the funds must be released as originally planned. The Rescission Act of 2025 was introduced in the House on June 6, 2025. The House passed it on June 12, and the Senate on July 16.
Are major natural disasters increasing?
The number of natural weather disasters with damages of more than a billion dollars has increased over the last forty years. From 1980 to 2024, the US averaged 9 events per year, while the annual average for the most recent 5 years is 23.The National Centers for Environmental Information has kept track of billion-dollar natural disasters since 1980 and cites increased exposure, vulnerability, and climate change as reasons for the increase.Are billion-dollar natural disasters becoming more frequent?Of the 10 years with the most natural disasters, nine were in the last decade.Since 1980, there have been 402 natural weather disasters in the US with total costs over $1 billion, including:203 severe storms67 tropical cyclones (including hurricanes)44 floods32 droughts24 winter storms23 wildfiresand nine freezesIn total, these disasters cost $2.9 trillion and took the lives of 16,918 people.
What’s in the “One Big Beautiful Bill”?
Congress has passed its next major spending bill. This legislation, called the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” would lower some taxes, change funding for various federal programs, raise the debt ceiling, and change many other parts of the federal government with the goal of aligning with the Trump administration’s priorities. The bill was negotiated through a process called reconciliation, which Congress can use to change laws that affect the country’s budget. The process limits the time the Senate can spend debating to 20 hours, eliminating the possibility of a filibuster. It also means that the bill can pass with a simple majority of 51 votes in the Senate (or 50 plus the vice president’s tie-breaking vote) rather than the supermajority of 60 votes typically needed to avoid a filibuster.Interested in when some of these changes might take effect? Check out this detailed timeline.Healthcare: Medicaid and uninsured ratesThe bill approved cuts to Medicaid, a health program jointly run by states and the federal government to help people with limited income cover medical costs. It’s funded through mandatory federal spending which renews automatically each year without needing Congressional approval.
What’s in Trump’s 2026 budget proposal?
A budget proposal sent from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to Congress details the Trump administration’s discretionary spending recommendations: The proposed FY 2026 budget keeps overall discretionary base spending level with 2025, but changes how some of that money is allocated, shifting $119.3 billion from non-defense programs to defense programs.“Discretionary spending” refers to the portion of the budget that requires congressional approval — in other words, funding that is up to the discretion of Congress.The rest is “mandatory spending,” funds spent automatically to cover required expenses under current law, including programs like Social Security and Medicare. Proposed changes to mandatory programs are not included in this data.What was the total discretionary presidential budget request for 2026?The president’s 2026 budget request included $1.69 trillion in discretionary spending split between what the OMB calls “base” and “non-base” funding. Base discretionary funding includes most spending through departments and agencies; non-base discretionary funding covers less predictable expenses like emergency and disaster relief.
Who pays the most income tax?
The federal government generated $4.9 trillion in revenue in fiscal year 2024, nearly half of which came from taxing people on their incomes. Individual income taxes in FY 2024 totaled $2.4 trillion, or $7,166 per person.
Where are US troops stationed?
The US has a strong military presence both domestically and overseas, with 1.5 million active-duty service members stationed at home or abroad. In addition to millions of troops, the Department of Defense manages 568,000 facilities, covering 27 million acres, across 4,790 military sites worldwide. For context, that’s roughly the size of the state of Virginia.The US military is tasked with training troops and defending US citizens on American soil, as well as protecting its national security interests by defending strategic supply chains, deterring attacks and future aggression, and participating in bilateral, regional, and multilateral defense programs.Where are US troops based in the US?As of March 2025, the US had 2.6 million military personnel, including active-duty troops, reserve, and civilian workers stationed domestically. Of these, 1.1 million were active-duty troops across 50 US states, Washington, DC, and 5 US territories.Roughly 50% of these troops are in five states:California (157,477 )Virginia (119,878)Texas (112,915)North Carolina (94,805)Florida (67,115)
How many Americans voted in 2024?
According to the Census Bureau, 65.3% of US citizens voted in the 2024 election, the third-highest turnout in the past 34 years. Turnout increased by 13.1 percentage points since the most recent mid-term elections in 2022, but decreased by 1.5 percentage points since the 2020 presidential election.
Is Social Security running out?
The federal government spent $1.5 trillion on Social Security in fiscal year 2024. This accounted for 22.4% of the total federal budget. The Social Security Administration (SSA) provides financial support for people of retirement age, people with disabilities, and survivors of family losses including spouses and children. In 2024 Social Security spending included: $1.3 trillion (86%) went to retirement benefits $155 billion (11%) went to disability benefits $54 billion (4%) covered other benefits How many people receive Social Security benefits? The SSA projects that nearly 69 million people will receive benefits monthly in 2025. In December 2024, nearly 90% of people ages 65 and older were enrolled in the program. That amounted to 68.5 million people, including: 51.8 million retired workers and their 2.6 million spouses and dependents 7.2 million disabled workers and their 1.1 million spouses and dependents 5.8 million survivors
What does it cost the IRS to collect taxes?
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) spent $16.1 billion to collect $4.7 trillion in taxes in 2023. In other words, it cost the agency 34 cents to collect $100. Collecting trillions of dollars from a population of 336 million people and around 35 million businesses is no small project. The IRS’s staff of 82,990 people collects and evaluates returns, issues refunds, offers taxpayer assistance, oversees tax-exempt organizations, and enforces tax law.How much money does the IRS collect? The IRS is responsible for collecting internal revenue — mostly in the form of taxes — from individuals and businesses across the US. In fiscal year 2023, the agency collected nearly $4.7 trillion, a 26% increase over the previous 10 years. That total included: $4.1 trillion from individual income taxes and other individual payroll contributions $457 billion from corporate income taxes $74 billion from excise taxes $35 billion from estate and gift taxes
How universities spend billions in government funds
Aside from student financial aid, the federal government funds universities with grants and contracts. One major way universities use this funding is for research and development (R&D). In FY 2023, federal dollars supported $59.6 billion of university R&D expenses. The fields that received the most funding in 2023 were life sciences and engineering. Life sciences programs, the study of the nature and function of living things, received $33.9 billion, or 56.9% of federal grant and contract funding. Enginering applies math and physics to solve practical problems by designing, building, and improving structures, systems, and processes. Engineering R&D received $10.9 billion, or 18.3% of federal funding.
Where do tornadoes do the most damage?
Texans have coped with the highest death and injury tolls from tornados in recent years, while Floridians have dealt with the most property damage. Which states have the most tornadoes? Between 2020 and 2024, every state except Hawaii recorded at least one tornado, according to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data. Texas, the largest state in the continental US by land area, recorded 516, for an annual average of 103.2. The states with the next-highest totals were Illinois (491) and Iowa (462) while the largest state overall, Alaska, had one.
Data Skills for Congress returns to empower with the facts
The third year of Data Skills for Congress officially began this month, with nearly 30 congressional staffers participating in the program designed to strengthen data use on Capitol Hill.This unique course, a collaboration between USAFacts and the Goldman School of Public Policy at UC Berkeley, equips legislative staff with the tools and training needed to better access, analyze, and apply government data in their daily work — whether drafting legislation, conducting oversight, or serving constituents.Why data skills matter for congressional staffCongressional staff play a critical role in shaping and supporting legislation that affects Americans across the country. Yet many lack formal training in working with data, despite the crucial need for evidence-based policymaking.Data Skills for Congress launched in 2023 to fill this gap. It’s the first program of its kind approved by both the House and Senate ethics committees, enabling staff from both chambers to participate without cost.Over the 10-week hybrid program, participants explore federal data sources, learn how to communicate big ideas with data visualizations, are introduced to AI and cutting-edge data tools, and complete a capstone project that applies their new skills to a real-world policy issue.A growing data community on Capitol HillUSAFacts launched the program with the goal of making helping policymakers use government data in decision making, part of its broader mission to empower Americans with the facts.In its first two years, Data Skills for Congress enrolled nearly 90 congressional staff. And participants have overwhelmingly positive feedback: 84% of 2024’s alumni from the cohort said that the class helped them improve their data visualization and AI skills for congressional work.Participants strongly recommend the course to others on the Hill. Some described it as an “essential” skill set for the modern congressional office, with one student noting, “I never thought of myself as a ‘math person.’ This course taught me that I can work with data and made me feel more confident using it in my congressional work.” “We created this program because we believe that government works better when everyone — including policymakers — can easily access and understand the numbers behind it,” said Poppy MacDonald, president of USAFacts. “We’re thrilled to see it continue to grow in its third year.”What’s nextThe spring 2025 cohort began on April 18th and will run through mid-June. A condensed version of the class will run during the August recess, allowing more congressional staff to take advantage. With participants representing a range of committees and offices, the program continues to reflect bipartisan interest in data-driven policymaking.To learn more about the program — or to apply for a future cohort — visit the Data Skills for Congress page.
How do marijuana laws differ between states?
While marijuana remains illegal at the federal level per the 1970 Controlled Substances Act (CSA), the US has become a patchwork of state-determined laws pertaining to the drug. Some states have legalized recreational marijuana, others allow medicinal use and/or CBD oil. A few states have decriminalized the plant, and a handful follow the federal guidelines. What does marijuana legalization mean?In the United States, marijuana legalization refers to the process of making marijuana use, possession, and sales legal under certain conditions. Adults in states that legalize the drug can use it for both medical and recreational purposes, following state laws. Legalization allows for regulated sales of products that contain cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Medical cannabis laws also fall under this category, permitting patients with conditions such as chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, insomnia, and depression to use the substances for treatment. Since marijuana remains federally classified as an illegal drug, state legalization has many implications on federal income taxes filed by dispensaries, as well as the cross-border sale and transportation of cannabis products.
How much money has the US given Ukraine since Russia’s invasion?
From Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 through December 2024, the United States allocated $182.8 billion in emergency funding for the region. But “allocated” means the money is available, not that it’s been spent: So far, the United States has actually disbursed $83.4 billion in funding and equipment, some of which Ukraine will have to repay with added interest. Aid for Ukraine goes through a cross-agency operation called Operation Atlantic Resolve (OAR), which began after Russia invaded Crimea in 2014 to deter Russian aggression against NATO. When Russia invaded Ukraine, the operation shifted focus to address the needs of Ukraine and other partners.How does foreign aid allocation work? The funding allocated for Ukraine supports Ukraine, American partners affected by the war, and US national security programs. When Congress allocates funding, it specifies amounts to different US agencies based on their functions.
What is IES and what does it do?
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) is the nonpartisan research, evaluation, and statistics office of the Department of Education. Its main functions are funding research to test new approaches to education, evaluating federal programs for educational effectiveness, and reporting data on how well the nation is educating its students. IES is the smallest component of the Education Department. The department requested $283.8 billion of its fiscal year 2025 budget; the institute accounted for 0.29% of that. In 2024, the Department of Education was the sixth highest-funded federal agency.
Which government programs does the Government Accountability Office consider inefficient?
Thirty-seven government spending priorities are considered highly vulnerable to fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement, according to the latest list from the independent and nonpartisan Government Accountability Office (GAO).The GAO provides unbiased, fact-based information to save taxpayers money and encourage government efficiency. Since 1990, it has produced a list of federal programs at high risk for financial issues and in need of reform.Which government programs are vulnerable to waste, fraud, abuse, or mismanagement? Of the 37 programs included on the list, 26 have been designated as high-risk for at least 10 years. Five programs have been on the list since its first iteration in 1990.The 2023 list included three new areas of spending:the federal prison systemthe Department of Health and Human Services’ management of public health emergenciesthe unemployment insurance systemTwo programs were found to have made progress toward sound management and were removed from the list: the 2020 decennial census and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation insurance programs.