Government

What does the do?

Updates published annually

The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) is a subdivision of the US Department of the Interior responsible for managing and conserving fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats. The agency works to protect endangered species, enforce wildlife laws, manage migratory birds, restore nationally significant fisheries, and conserve and restore wildlife habitat such as wetlands. It also collaborates with federal, state, tribal, and local partners to promote wildlife conservation and ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. It was established in 1940.

In FY 2024,

$3.72B

was spent by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
In FY 2024,

21.7%

of Dept. of the Interior spending was by the US Fish and Wildlife Service

How much does the Fish and Wildlife Service spend?

The US Fish and Wildlife Service spent a net total of $3.72 billion in fiscal year (FY) 2024. This was 21.7% of the $17.1 billion spent by the Department of the Interior, which itself was 0.3% of all federal spending. The USFWS ranked second among DOI subdivisions in net spending.
Net spending is the difference between agency spending and any financial accounts generating funds from the agency’s own activities, like fees or rent. When these funds offset all spending, net spending appears negative. Some agencies tend to operate with positive net spending while others will register negative net spending sometimes or often.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service ranked second among Department of the Interior divisions in net spending in 2024.

DOI net spending by division, FY 2024

Like the overall federal budget, agency spending may shift over time due to population growth, changes in policy and programs, and emerging problems to address. Adjusting for inflation, the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s federal spending has increased from $1.79 billion in 1980 to $3.72 billion in 2024.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service’s federal spending in FY 2024 was higher than in FY 1980.

Yearly federal net spending by USFWS, adjusted for inflation (2024 dollars), FYs 1980–2024

Since 1980, the US Fish and Wildlife Service's spending has increased 107.6%, while overall spending has increased 193.7%.
As a percentage of the overall federal budget, a positive number means agency net spending made up some positive share of total federal spending; a negative number means that net generated funds offset a portion of total spending. USFWS spending grew less than overall federal spending since 1980, which means that its share of the federal budget decreased. In 2024, USFWS accounted for 0.055% of overall federal spending.
Major legislation, internal or global economic conditions, and acute events like the COVID-19 pandemic can affect spending year to year. For example, the federal budget fluctuated during the pandemic, rising from $5.3 trillion (in 2023 dollars) in 2019 to $7.7 trillion in 2020 and $7.8 trillion in 2021.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service’s share of federal spending in FY 2024 was lower than in FY 1980.

Net spending by USFWS as a share of federal spending, FYs 1980–2024

Most federal spending can be categorized as direct or indirect. Direct spending refers to money the federal government spends on budget items such as federal programs, employee salaries, and debt interest. Indirect spending refers to federal transfers to state and local governments.
In FY 2024, the US Fish and Wildlife Service transferred 45.6% of its total spending to states and local governments.
The chart below outlines all net USFWS spending.

How did the US Fish and Wildlife Service spend its budget in 2024?

Federal government net spending isolated to USFWS, FY 2024

How many people work for the United States Fish and Wildlife Service?

Some 9,067 of the 2.31 million total civilian federal employees work for the US Fish and Wildlife Service as of September 2024. This is 10.6% fewer people than the division staffed in 2010.

The number of federal employees working for the US Fish and Wildlife Service has decreased 10.6% since 2010.

Number of federal employees working for USFWS, September 2010–2024

The US Fish and Wildlife Service accounts for 0.4% of the overall federal workforce. As the number of federal employees has changed, so too has the way the workforce is organized, with resources allocated to agencies depending on government priorities. The division constituted a smaller share of the overall federal workforce in September 2024 compared to 2010 (0.5%).
While the number of employees on an agency’s payroll contributes to that agency’s expenditures, some agencies have relatively few employees compared to their budget or vice versa, giving them an outsized share of either the budget or the workforce. According to the most recent data, the US Fish and Wildlife Service's share of the workforce (0.4%) is larger than its share of the budget (0.055%).

Who leads the United States Fish and Wildlife Service?

The USFWS is led by a Director. This individual is appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. The Director of the USFWS reports to the Secretary of the Interior. The term length for the Director is not fixed, allowing them to serve at the pleasure of the President.

Keep exploring

Enter some text...
Enter some text...

Methodology

USAFacts standardizes data, in areas such as time and demographics, to make it easier to understand and compare.

Page sources

USAFacts endeavors to share the most up-to-date information available. We sourced the data on this page directly from government agencies; however, the intervals at which agencies publish updated data vary.

  • Office of Personnel Management

    FedScope

  • Office of Management and Budget and US Department of the Treasury

    Budget of the US Government and Monthly Treasury Statement

    Office of Management and Budget and US Department of the Treasury logo