In this section, we analyze by segment certain key metrics that measure progress towards our constitutional objectives of justice and domestic tranquility, common defense, general welfare, and security of the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity. We chose metrics for which government data was available and that seemed representative of the status of these objectives. There are more metrics on our website at https://usafacts.org/, which you can access by selecting the “More detail” links next to the tables below.
As discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors, in a free society, human behavior cannot be fully regulated or controlled. Government provides services, promulgates regulations, and enacts legislation intended to make progress towards our constitutional objectives; however, people are responsible for making their own choices. In addition, there are many other forces influencing these key metrics, including the natural world, governments and citizens of other countries, and businesses and philanthropic organizations worldwide. Therefore, one should not assume that the revenue and expenditures discussed above and the legislation discussed throughout this document caused the key metrics discussed in this section.
The JDT segment works to establish justice and ensure domestic tranquility among the US population. Its reporting units are crime and disaster, safeguarding consumers and employees, and child safety and miscellaneous social services. Overall, the long-term trend for the past decade shows we:
Shorter-term trends may differ.
Crime and disaster
The crime and disaster reporting unit seeks to reduce crime, administer justice, and mitigate and prevent disasters.
Crime
(In thousands, except percentages, rates, or otherwise noted) |
|
|
2018 |
|
|
|
2017 |
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
|
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
|
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
Crimes reported 1 (fiscal year): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property crimes 2 |
|
|
7,219 |
|
|
|
7,683 |
|
|
|
8,652 |
|
|
|
9,774 |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
(17)% |
|
|
|
(26)% |
Property crimes per 100,000 people |
|
|
2,210 |
|
|
|
2,363 |
|
|
|
2,734 |
|
|
|
3,215 |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
(19)% |
|
|
|
(31)% |
Violent crimes 3 |
|
|
1,210 |
|
|
|
1,248 |
|
|
|
1,168 |
|
|
|
1,394 |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
4% |
|
|
|
(13)% |
Violent crimes per 100,000 people |
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
|
|
459 |
|
|
|
(4)% |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
(19)% |
Murder/non-negligent manslaughter (MNM) |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
14% |
|
|
|
—% |
MNMs per 100,000 people |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
Arrests by crime: |
|
|
10,311 |
|
|
|
10,555 |
|
|
|
11,303 |
|
|
|
14,007 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
(9)% |
|
|
|
(26)% |
Drug abuse violations |
|
|
1,654 |
|
|
|
1,633 |
|
|
|
1,501 |
|
|
|
1,703 |
|
|
|
1% |
|
|
|
10% |
|
|
|
(3)% |
Drug abuse violations arrests per 100,000 people |
|
|
506 |
|
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
475 |
|
|
|
560 |
|
|
|
1% |
|
|
|
7% |
|
|
|
(10)% |
Sale/manufacturing |
|
|
na |
|
|
|
238 |
|
|
|
269 |
|
|
|
305 |
|
|
|
na |
|
|
|
na |
|
|
|
na |
Possession |
|
|
na |
|
|
|
1,395 |
|
|
|
1,232 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
na |
|
|
|
na |
|
|
|
na |
Property crimes 2 |
|
|
1,167 |
|
|
|
1,250 |
|
|
|
1,559 |
|
|
|
1,687 |
|
|
|
(7)% |
|
|
|
(25)% |
|
|
|
(31)% |
Property crimes arrests rate (of property crimes reported) |
|
|
16% |
|
|
|
16% |
|
|
|
18% |
|
|
|
17% |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
(2)ppt |
|
|
|
(1)ppt |
Driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or narcotics |
|
|
1,001 |
|
|
|
991 |
|
|
|
1,167 |
|
|
|
1,483 |
|
|
|
1% |
|
|
|
(14)% |
|
|
|
(33)% |
DUI arrests per 1,000 miles driven |
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
308 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
499 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
(21)% |
|
|
|
(38)% |
Violent crimes 3 |
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
519 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
|
595 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
9% |
|
|
|
(12)% |
Violent crimes arrests rate (of violent crimes reported) |
|
|
43% |
|
|
|
42% |
|
|
|
41% |
|
|
|
43% |
|
|
|
1ppt |
|
|
|
2ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
Other |
|
|
5,968 |
|
|
|
6,162 |
|
|
|
6,596 |
|
|
|
8,539 |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
(10)% |
|
|
|
(30)% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 Crimes reported by local law enforcement to the Federal Bureau of Investigation
2 Property crimes are offenses of burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson.
3 Violent crimes are offenses of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
Crimes reported
Property crimes and violent crimes reported had generally been declining at accelerating rates each year of the decade covered by this report, and at even higher rates if you adjust for population growth. Declines were seen across most crime sub-categories and major regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, West).
In 2016, this trend temporarily reversed for violent crimes, as reported crimes increased across all sub-categories and in every major region, with the exception of the Northeast. Rates dropped again for most sub-categories and regions in 2017 and 2018 but remained elevated when compared to recent history:
Arrests
Arrests for property crimes and violent crimes followed similar trends as crimes reported, with property crime arrests decreasing in all periods and violent crime arrests decreasing over the past decade but increasing in 2017 and 2018. Arrests for drug abuse violations also decreased over the past decade but increased in 2017 and 2018. When comparing 2008 to 2017 (the latest available data), we see a shift in the distribution of drug abuse violation arrests towards those for possession (vs. sale/manufacturing) of heroin or cocaine and their derivatives and synthetic or manufactured drugs. Arrests for DUIs decreased for all periods before increasing slightly in 2018.
Underlying the overall arrests trends, there are demographical points to note:
Incarceration
December 31, except as otherwise noted (In thousands, except percentages or otherwise noted) |
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
2013 |
|
2008 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
||||||||||||||
Incarcerated population: 1 |
|
|
2,123 |
|
|
|
2,154 |
|
|
|
2,223 |
|
|
|
2,310 |
|
|
|
(1)% |
|
|
|
(4)% |
|
|
|
(8)% |
Persons in jail (last weekday in June) 2 |
|
|
738 |
|
|
|
745 |
|
|
|
731 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
(1)% |
|
|
|
1% |
|
|
|
(6)% |
Persons in federal and state prison 3 |
|
|
1,465 |
|
|
|
1,489 |
|
|
|
1,577 |
|
|
|
1,608 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
(7)% |
|
|
|
(9)% |
Youth in jail (actuals, last weekday in June) |
|
|
3,400 |
|
|
|
3,600 |
|
|
|
4,600 |
|
|
|
7,700 |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
(26)% |
|
|
|
(56)% |
Youth in state prisons (actuals) |
|
|
699 |
|
|
|
893 |
|
|
|
1,188 |
|
|
|
2,717 |
|
|
|
(22)% |
|
|
|
(41)% |
|
|
|
(74)% |
Sentenced prisoners by crime committed: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Violent crimes |
|
|
706 |
|
|
|
723 |
|
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
730 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
(3)% |
Property crimes |
|
|
209 |
|
|
|
224 |
|
|
|
267 |
|
|
|
261 |
|
|
|
(7)% |
|
|
|
(22)% |
|
|
|
(20)% |
Drug crimes |
|
|
253 |
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
346 |
|
|
|
(4)% |
|
|
|
(17)% |
|
|
|
(27)% |
Public order and other 4 |
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
222 |
|
|
|
216 |
|
|
|
182 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
19% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
1 Prisoners held in local jails were excluded from the total to prevent double counting.
2 Jails are correctional facilities that confine persons before or after adjudication and are usually operated by local law enforcement authorities. Jail sentences are usually for 1 year or less.
3 State and federal prisoner populations differ from the jail inmate population in terms of conviction status, offense distribution, and average length of stay. Prison facilities also differ from local jail facilities in average size, treatment and programming resources, and crowding, among other characteristics.
4 Public order includes weapons, drunk driving, and court offenses; commercialized vice, morals, and decency offenses; and liquor law violations and other public-order offenses.
Our incarcerated populations decreased over the past decade. However, there are racial and other dynamics of note:
Fire (non-natural disaster)
Calendar year |
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
2013 |
|
2008 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
||||||||||||||
Fire incidents (in thousands, except rates): |
|
|
1,319 |
|
|
|
1,319 |
|
|
|
1,240 |
|
|
|
1,452 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
6% |
|
|
|
(9)% |
Home structure fires 1 |
|
|
363 |
|
|
|
357 |
|
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
387 |
|
|
|
2% |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
(6)% |
Home structure fires per 100,000 housing units |
|
|
262 |
|
|
|
260 |
|
|
|
277 |
|
|
|
297 |
|
|
|
1% |
|
|
|
(5)% |
|
|
|
(12)% |
Other structure fires 2 |
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
142 |
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
(4)% |
|
|
|
15% |
|
|
|
6% |
Highway vehicle fires 3 |
|
|
182 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
164 |
|
|
|
207 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
11% |
|
|
|
(12)% |
Highway vehicle fires per 1 billion miles driven |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
2% |
|
|
|
(20)% |
Other fires 4 |
|
|
638 |
|
|
|
653 |
|
|
|
589 |
|
|
|
730 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
(13)% |
|
Civilian deaths from fire incidents: |
|
|
3,655 |
|
|
|
3,400 |
|
|
|
3,240 |
|
|
|
3,320 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
13% |
|
|
|
10% |
Home structure fire civilian deaths 1 |
|
|
2,720 |
|
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
2,755 |
|
|
|
2,555 |
|
|
|
3% |
|
|
|
(1)% |
|
|
|
6% |
Rate of deaths per home structure fire |
|
|
0.7% |
|
|
|
0.7% |
|
|
|
0.7% |
|
|
|
0.7% |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
Other structure fire civilian deaths 2 |
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
3% |
|
|
|
90% |
|
|
|
(3)% |
Rate of deaths per other structure fire |
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.2% |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
(0.1)ppt |
Highway vehicle fire civilian deaths 3 |
|
|
490 |
|
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
350 |
|
|
|
23% |
|
|
|
63% |
|
|
|
40% |
Rate of deaths per highway vehicle fire |
|
|
0.3% |
|
|
|
0.2% |
|
|
|
0.2% |
|
|
|
0.2% |
|
|
|
0.1ppt |
|
|
|
0.1ppt |
|
|
|
0.1ppt |
Other fire civilian deaths 4 |
|
|
255 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
|
38% |
|
|
|
200% |
|
|
|
16% |
Rate of deaths per other fire |
|
|
0.0% |
|
|
|
0.0% |
|
|
|
0.0% |
|
|
|
0.0% |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
1 Homes are dwellings, duplexes, manufactured homes (also called mobile homes), apartments, rowhouses, and townhouses.
2 Includes other residential properties, such as hotels and motels, dormitories, barracks, rooming and boarding homes, and the like.
3 Highway vehicles include any vehicle designed to operate normally on highways, such as automobiles, motorcycles, buses, trucks, and trailers, but not manufactured homes on foundations.
4 Other fires include fires in non-highway vehicles (i.e., trains, boats, ships, aircraft, farm, and construction vehicles), outside property fires, outside wilderness fires, and fires in rubbish, among others.
Fire incidents
The number of fire incidents have fluctuated but ultimately declined over the past decade, both on an absolute basis and per housing unit and mile driven. The overall decrease was led by a 92 thousand or 13% decrease in “other” fires. In 2018, the leading cause of fires was cooking for both residential and non-residential buildings, comprising 51% and 31% of those fires, respectively.
Civilian deaths from fire incidents
Civilian deaths from fire incidents have also fluctuated but increased overall in the past decade, led by a 165 or 6% increase in deaths from home structure fire incidents and a 140 or 40% increase in deaths from highway vehicle fire incidents. As a percentage of fire incidents, deaths for all types of fire incidents shown have remained less than 1% throughout the past decade.
Disasters
Calendar year (Dollars in billions, others actuals or as noted |
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
2013 |
|
2008 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
||||||||||||||
Billion-dollar disaster incidents 1 |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
(13)% |
|
|
|
56% |
|
|
|
17% |
Billion-dollar disaster cost estimate 1 |
|
$ |
91 |
|
|
$ |
306 |
|
|
$ |
23 |
|
|
$ |
64 |
|
|
|
(70)% |
|
|
|
296% |
|
|
|
42% |
Cost per billion-dollar disaster 1 |
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
5 |
|
|
|
(68)% |
|
|
|
100% |
|
|
|
20% |
Disaster deaths |
|
|
247 |
|
|
|
3,278 |
|
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
303 |
|
|
|
(92)% |
|
|
|
119% |
|
|
|
(18)% |
Billion-dollar disaster incidents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severe storm |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
33% |
|
|
|
33% |
|
Severe storm cost |
|
$ |
12 |
|
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
9 |
|
|
|
(29)% |
|
|
|
20% |
|
|
|
33% |
Cost per severe storm |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
Tropical cyclone |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(33)% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
(33)% |
|
Tropical cyclone cost |
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
265 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
37 |
|
|
|
(82)% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
32% |
|
Cost per tropical cyclone |
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
88 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
12 |
|
|
|
(72)% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
108% |
|
Flood |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
Flood cost |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
Cost per flood |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
|
|
|
(100)% |
Drought |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
—% |
Drought cost |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
(70)% |
|
|
(57)% |
|
Cost per drought |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
(70)% |
|
|
(57)% |
|
Wildfire |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
—% |
|
Wildfire cost |
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
18 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
33% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
2,300% |
|
Cost per wildfire |
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
18 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
33% |
|
|
nm |
|
|
2,300% |
|||
Other disaster |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
100% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
nm |
Other disaster cost |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
200% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
nm |
Cost per other disaster |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
100% |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
nm |
Wildland fires |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acres burned in wildland fires (thousands) |
|
|
8,767 |
|
|
|
10,026 |
|
|
|
4,320 |
|
|
|
5,292 |
|
|
|
(13)% |
|
|
|
103% |
|
|
|
66% |
Acres burned per wildland fire |
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
91 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
66% |
|
|
|
125% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
nm An “nm” reference in the table means the figure is not meaningful.
1 Data is limited to billion-dollar disasters as provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, as they account for roughly 80% of the total estimated US losses for all combined severe weather and climate events. These loss estimates reflect direct effects of weather and climate events (not including indirect effects) and constitute total estimated losses (both insured and uninsured). Because most of the data sources provide only insured losses, a “factor approach” (based on approximate average insurance participate rates) is used for conversion into the corresponding total estimated losses. For more detailed information regarding the cost estimates see https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-content/billions/docs/smith-and-katz-2013.pdf.
Disaster incidents
The numbers of billion-dollar disaster incidents have fluctuated, with peaks in 2008 and 2011, and a decline thereafter until 2015 when they began increasing again across most disaster types. The number of billion-dollar disaster incidents increased 17% in the past decade. The most frequent type of disaster is severe storm, followed by tropical cyclone and flood.
Disaster costs
Total estimated costs for billion-dollar disasters increased 42% in the past decade, with the most expensive disaster type per disaster being tropical cyclone, followed by wildfire. Per billion-dollar disaster, estimated costs increased 20% over the past decade. The increase in estimated total disaster costs in 2017 reflects $131 billion, $95 billion, and $53 billion related to hurricanes Harvey, Maria, and Irma, respectively.
Disaster deaths
Like billion-dollar disaster incidents, disaster deaths have fluctuated during the past decade, sharply rising in 2017. From 2017 to 2018, there was a decrease in deaths of 3,031 people, or 92%, primarily related to 2,981 deaths attributed to Hurricane Maria in 2017.
Acres burned
Acres burned in wildland fires (in all wildland fires, not just those declared disasters) increased over the past decade but decreased in 2018. Acres burned per wildland fire increased in all periods. Acres burned in wildland fires, categorized as either lightning-caused or human-caused, increased by 3.5 million acres or 66% over the past decade. Human-caused fires increased 2.2 million acres or 64%, and lightning-caused fires increased 1.3 million acres or 68%. The Great Basin region had the largest number and percent increase in total acres burned, at an increase of 1.9 million acres or 1,333%, while the Southern Area region had the largest acre decrease at 613 thousand acres, and the Northern Rockies region had the largest percent decrease at 36%.
Safeguarding consumers and employees
The safeguarding consumers and employees reporting unit seeks to keep people away from harm by regulating, primarily commercial interests.
Safeguarding consumers
Consumer complaints and product safety injuries
Calendar year (In thousands, except percentages, rates, or otherwise noted) |
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
2013 |
|
2008 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
||||||||||||||
Consumer fraud complaints |
|
|
1,504 |
|
|
|
1,309 |
|
|
|
1,159 |
|
|
|
621 |
|
|
|
15% |
|
|
|
30% |
|
|
|
142% |
Consumer fraud complaints per 100,000 people |
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
403 |
|
|
|
367 |
|
|
|
204 |
|
|
|
14% |
|
|
|
25% |
|
|
|
125% |
Median loss per fraud complaint |
|
$ |
375 |
|
|
$ |
429 |
|
|
$ |
388 |
|
|
$ |
500 |
|
|
|
(13)% |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
(25)% |
Identity theft complaints |
|
|
444 |
|
|
|
371 |
|
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
20% |
|
|
|
53% |
|
|
|
41% |
Identity theft complaints per 100,000 people |
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
104 |
|
|
|
19% |
|
|
|
48% |
|
|
|
31% |
Other consumer complaints 1 |
|
|
1,177 |
|
|
|
1,240 |
|
|
|
685 |
|
|
|
326 |
|
|
|
(5)% |
|
|
|
72% |
|
|
|
261% |
Other consumer complaints per 100,000 people |
|
|
360 |
|
|
|
381 |
|
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
66% |
|
|
|
236% |
Consumer financial protection (CFP) complaints 2 |
|
|
257 |
|
|
|
243 |
|
|
108 |
|
|
na |
|
|
|
6% |
|
|
138% |
|
|
na |
||||
CFP complaints per 100,000 people |
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
75 |
|
|
34 |
|
|
na |
|
|
|
5% |
|
|
132% |
|
|
na |
||||
Consumer product safety injuries 3 |
|
|
13,249 |
|
|
|
13,728 |
|
|
|
12,759 |
|
|
|
11,902 |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
4% |
|
|
|
11% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 Other consumer complaints are complaints made to the FTC that are other than fraud or identity theft complaints, including: auto-related complaints; banks and lenders; computer equipment and software; credit bureaus, information furnishers, and report users; credit cards; debt collection; education; funeral services; home repair, improvement, and products; and television and electronic media.
2 These complaints were reported by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau while all other complaints in this table were reported by the Federal Trade Commission.
3 These are calendar year national estimates of the number of persons treated in US hospital emergency departments with consumer product-related injuries and are derived by summing the statistical weights for the appropriate injury cases. The data system allows for reporting of up to two products for each person's injury, so a person's injury may be counted in two product groups.
Consumer complaints
Consumer complaints have grown throughout the period of this report, driven primarily by increased fraud and other consumer complaints, though all categories of complaints have increased.
Consumer fraud losses
The median loss per fraud complaint has fluctuated over the past decade but decreased in recent years. In 2018, 75% of the reports resulted in no loss, while the group with the largest number of reported losses (22% of the reports) was the group with losses between $1 and $100. Five percent of losses reported were more than $10,000, the top loss group. By type of fraud, the largest median amount paid per fraud in 2018 was for business and job opportunities at $1,304 per fraud.
Consumer product safety injuries
Consumer product safety injuries have fluctuated from year to year, peaking in 2017. The largest numbers of injuries relate to home structures and construction materials, sports and recreational equipment, and home furnishings and fixtures. Injuries related to home structures and construction materials increased 20% when comparing 2018 to 2008, while sports and recreational equipment injuries decreased 9%, and injuries related to home furnishings and fixtures increased 30%, over this same period.
Transportation safety
Calendar year (In thousands, except percentages, rates, or otherwise noted) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
2008 |
Change |
|
Change |
Change |
||||||||||||
Transportation crashes |
|
|
6,760 |
|
|
|
6,479 |
|
|
|
5,713 |
|
|
|
5,839 |
|
|
|
4% |
|
|
|
18% |
|
|
|
16% |
Highway crashes |
|
|
6,735 |
|
|
|
6,453 |
|
|
|
5,687 |
|
|
|
5,811 |
|
|
|
4% |
|
|
|
18% |
|
|
|
16% |
Highway crashes per 100 million miles driven |
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
204 |
|
|
|
192 |
|
|
|
192 |
|
|
|
3% |
|
|
|
9% |
|
|
|
9% |
Transportation fatalities (actuals) |
|
|
38,501 |
|
|
|
39,368 |
|
|
|
34,691 |
|
|
|
39,562 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
11% |
|
|
|
(3)% |
Highway fatalities |
|
|
36,560 |
|
|
|
37,473 |
|
|
|
32,893 |
|
|
|
37,423 |
|
|
|
(2)% |
|
|
|
11% |
|
|
|
(2)% |
Highway fatalities per 100,000 highway crashes |
|
|
543 |
|
|
|
581 |
|
|
|
578 |
|
|
|
644 |
|
|
|
(7)% |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
(16)% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
Nearly all transportation crashes (99% in 2018) and transportation fatalities (95% in 2018) are highway crashes and fatalities.
Highway crashes have increased, in absolute terms and per mile driven, over the past decade. Highway fatalities dropped 9% in each calendar year 2008 and 2009 and had remained at roughly 33,000 fatalities per year thereafter until 2015, when they jumped to over 35,000 and then jumped again to over 37,000 in 2016 before decreasing 1% in 2017 and 2% in 2018. Nearly a third of highway fatalities (29% or 10,710 in 2018) involved a driver with a Blood Alcohol Concentration of 0.08 (an illegal level in all 50 States, DC, and Puerto Rico) or higher. Since 2008, distraction-affected fatalities decreased 51%, to 2,841 in 2018.
Safeguarding employees
Calendar year, except as otherwise noted (In thousands, except percentages, rates, or otherwise noted) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
2008 |
Change |
|
Change |
Change |
||||||||||||
Workplace violations (actual) 1 |
|
|
49,641 |
|
|
|
51,307 |
|
|
|
61,303 |
|
|
|
67,165 |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
(19)% |
|
|
|
(26)% |
Workplace violations per 100,000 employees |
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
(3)% |
|
|
|
(26)% |
|
|
|
(30)% |
Non-fatal workplace injuries |
|
|
3,544 |
|
|
|
3,476 |
|
|
|
3,753 |
|
|
|
4,634 |
|
|
|
2% |
|
|
|
(6)% |
|
|
|
(24)% |
Non-fatal injuries per 100,000 employees |
|
|
2,275 |
|
|
|
2,267 |
|
|
|
2,608 |
|
|
|
3,188 |
|
|
|
—% |
|
|
|
(13)% |
|
|
|
(29)% |
Fatal workplace injuries (actual) |
|
|
5,250 |
|
|
|
5,147 |
|
|
|
4,585 |
|
|
|
5,214 |
|
|
|
2% |
|
|
|
15% |
|
|
|
1% |
Rate of fatality of workplace injuries |
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
0.1% |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
|
|
|
—ppt |
Back wages recovered (fiscal year) |
|
$ |
304,914 |
|
|
$ |
270,404 |
|
|
$ |
249,954 |
|
|
$ |
185,288 |
|
|
|
13% |
|
|
|
22% |
|
|
|
65% |
Back wages recovered per injury |
|
$ |
86 |
|
|
$ |
78 |
|
|
$ |
67 |
|
|
$ |
40 |
|
|
|
10% |
|
|
|
28% |
|
|
|
115% |
† We limited the key metrics data in this table to the years presented to be consistent with the previous sections of this MD&A. The most recent data in those sections is 2018, as that is the latest date for which comprehensive Government-wide financial data is available. Additional years of key metrics data may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
1 Workplace violations are those reported by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, including violations relating to fall protection, hazard communication, scaffolding, respiratory protection, control of hazardous energy, ladders, powered industrial trucks, machinery and machine guarding, and electrical wiring methods.
The work safety outcomes discussed here are all generally positive. Workplace violations and non-fatal workplace injuries are down roughly a quarter over the past decade, while fatal workplace injuries have increased 1%. As a rate per workplace injury, fatal injuries have been steady over the past decade. Back wages recovered, in total and per injury, have increased.
Fatal workplace injuries disproportionately take the lives of men (92% of the incidents in 2018). In 2018, 91% of fatal workplace injuries occurred in private industry, with the balance occurring in government. By private industry, in 2018, 43% of the incidents occurred in goods-producing industries, 49% of which were in construction, while the other 57% of the incidents occurred in service-providing industries, of which nearly a third were in transportation and warehousing.
Child safety and miscellaneous social services
The child safety and miscellaneous social services reporting unit works to maintain the welfare and safety of all children.
Child family situation
|
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
2013 |
|
2008 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2017 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2013 |
|
Change 2018 vs. 2008 |
||||||||||||||
Children in single parent households (in thousands, calendar year) |
|
19,646 |