Our Government’s customers are the individuals living in the US and US citizens living overseas, including members of the armed forces. As of July 1, 2020, the population of the US, excluding US territories, was 329 million. The population of the US is growing but at a rate that is generally decelerating; the population of the US grew less than 1% during each of the years ended July 1, 2020 and July 1, 2019, 17% in the 20 years following July 1, 2000, and 45% in the 40 years following July 1, 1980.
Below are tables with demographics of our population, as follows:
Population demographics
|
|
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
|
Total population (in thousands) 1,4 |
227,225 |
249,623 |
282,162 |
309,327 |
323,072 |
325,122 |
326,838 |
328,330 |
329,484 |
|
Population change 2 |
2,920 |
2,588 |
2,457 |
2,395 |
2,333 |
2,050 |
1,716 |
1,492 |
1,154 |
|
Natural |
2,021 |
1,959 |
1,579 |
1,659 |
1,268 |
1,102 |
996 |
923 |
677 |
|
Births |
4,492 |
4,114 |
3,966 |
4,150 |
3,971 |
3,890 |
3,835 |
3,770 |
3,748 |
|
Deaths |
2,471 |
2,155 |
2,387 |
2,491 |
2,703 |
2,788 |
2,839 |
2,847 |
3,071 |
|
Net migration |
na |
na |
878 |
735 |
1,065 |
948 |
720 |
569 |
477 |
|
Residual 3 |
899 |
534 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Age and gender 1,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
48.6% |
48.8% |
49.1% |
49.2% |
49.2% |
49.2% |
49.2% |
49.2% |
na |
|
Female |
51.4% |
51.2% |
50.9% |
50.8% |
50.8% |
50.8% |
50.8% |
50.8% |
na |
|
<5 years of age |
7.2% |
7.6% |
6.8% |
6.5% |
6.2% |
6.1% |
6.0% |
6.0% |
na |
|
5 to 14 years |
15.3% |
14.1% |
14.6% |
13.3% |
12.7% |
12.6% |
12.6% |
12.5% |
na |
|
15 to 24 years |
18.7% |
14.8% |
14.0% |
14.1% |
13.5% |
13.3% |
13.1% |
13.0% |
na |
|
25 to 34 years |
16.5% |
17.3% |
14.1% |
13.3% |
13.8% |
13.9% |
14.0% |
14.0% |
na |
|
35 to 44 years |
11.4% |
15.1% |
16.0% |
13.2% |
12.5% |
12.5% |
12.6% |
12.7% |
na |
|
45 to 54 years |
10.0% |
10.1% |
13.5% |
14.5% |
13.2% |
13.0% |
12.7% |
12.4% |
na |
|
55 to 64 years |
9.6% |
8.5% |
8.7% |
11.9% |
12.8% |
12.9% |
12.9% |
12.9% |
na |
|
65+ years |
11.3% |
12.5% |
12.4% |
13.1% |
15.2% |
15.6% |
16.0% |
16.5% |
na |
|
18+ years |
na |
na |
74.3% |
76.0% |
77.2% |
77.3% |
77.5% |
77.7% |
na |
|
Median age (years) |
30.0 |
33.0 |
35.3 |
37.2 |
37.9 |
38.0 |
38.2 |
38.4 |
na |
|
Race and ethnicity 1,4,5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White |
85.7% |
83.9% |
81.0% |
78.3% |
76.9% |
76.7% |
76.5% |
76.3% |
na |
|
Black/African American |
11.7% |
12.3% |
12.7% |
13.0% |
13.3% |
13.3% |
13.4% |
13.4% |
na |
|
Asian |
1.6% |
3.0% |
4.0% |
4.9% |
5.7% |
5.8% |
5.9% |
5.9% |
na |
|
American Indian/Alaska Native |
0.6% |
0.8% |
1.0% |
1.2% |
1.3% |
1.3% |
1.3% |
1.3% |
na |
|
Other/Mixed Race |
na |
na |
1.4% |
2.3% |
2.6% |
2.7% |
2.7% |
2.8% |
na |
|
Hispanic |
6.4% |
9.0% |
12.6% |
16.4% |
17.8% |
18.0% |
18.2% |
18.4% |
na |
|
Non-Hispanic, White only |
na |
75.6% |
69.4% |
63.8% |
61.2% |
60.8% |
60.4% |
60.1% |
na |
|
Regional 1,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northeast |
21.6% |
20.4% |
19.0% |
17.9% |
17.4% |
17.2% |
17.2% |
17.1% |
17.0% |
|
Midwest |
25.9% |
24.0% |
22.9% |
21.7% |
21.1% |
21.0% |
20.9% |
20.8% |
20.7% |
|
South |
33.3% |
34.4% |
35.6% |
37.1% |
37.9% |
38.0% |
38.1% |
38.3% |
38.4% |
|
West |
19.1% |
21.3% |
22.5% |
23.3% |
23.7% |
23.8% |
23.8% |
23.8% |
23.9% |
|
Educational attainment 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 25 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
158,868 |
175,230 |
199,928 |
215,015 |
216,921 |
219,830 |
221,478 |
na |
|
Less than high school graduate |
na |
24.8% |
15.9% |
12.9% |
10.9% |
10.4% |
10.2% |
9.9% |
na |
|
High school graduate |
na |
30.0% |
33.1% |
31.2% |
28.8% |
28.8% |
28.5% |
28.1% |
na |
|
Some college or associate’s degree |
na |
24.9% |
25.4% |
26.0% |
26.8% |
26.6% |
26.3% |
25.9% |
na |
|
Bachelor’s degree |
na |
13.1% |
17.0% |
19.4% |
20.8% |
21.3% |
21.9% |
22.5% |
na |
|
Graduate or professional degree |
na |
7.2% |
8.6% |
10.5% |
12.6% |
12.8% |
13.1% |
13.5% |
na |
|
Households and families 6, 8, 9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total households (in thousands) |
80,776 |
93,347 |
104,705 |
117,538 |
125,819 |
126,224 |
127,586 |
128,579 |
128,451 |
|
Total family households (in thousands) |
59,550 |
66,091 |
72,026 |
78,833 |
82,183 |
82,828 |
83,088 |
83,482 |
83,677 |
|
% total households married no kids |
29.9% |
29.8% |
28.7% |
28.8% |
29.0% |
29.4% |
29.3% |
29.7% |
30.1% |
|
% total households married parents |
30.9% |
26.3% |
24.1% |
20.9% |
18.9% |
18.7% |
18.7% |
18.5% |
18.4% |
|
% total households single fathers |
0.8% |
1.2% |
1.7% |
1.9% |
2.0% |
1.9% |
1.9% |
1.9% |
1.8% |
|
% total households single mothers |
6,7% |
7.1% |
7.2% |
7.2% |
6.8% |
6.5% |
6.4% |
6.0% |
5.8% |
|
% total households other family |
5.4% |
6.5% |
7.0% |
8.3% |
8.7% |
9.0% |
8.8% |
8.8% |
8.9% |
|
Total non-family households (in thousands) |
21,226 |
27,257 |
32,680 |
38,705 |
43,635 |
43,396 |
44,498 |
45,096 |
44,774 |
|
% total households single person |
22.7% |
24.6% |
25.5% |
26.7% |
28.1% |
27.9% |
28.0% |
28.4% |
28.2% |
|
% total households multiple people non-family |
3.6% |
4.6% |
5.7% |
6.2% |
6.6% |
6.5% |
6.9% |
6.7% |
6.7% |
|
Young adults (25-34 years) living at home (in thousands) |
3,194 |
4,987 |
3,989 |
5,520 |
7,020 |
7,108 |
7,537 |
7,580 |
8,032 |
|
Rate of young adults living at home |
8.7% |
11.5% |
10.6% |
13.4% |
16.0% |
16.1% |
16.8% |
16.8% |
17.8% |
|
Average household size |
2.76 |
2.63 |
2.62 |
2.59 |
2.53 |
2.54 |
2.53 |
2.52 |
2.53 |
|
Average family size |
3.29 |
3.17 |
3.17 |
3.16 |
3.15 |
3.14 |
3.14 |
3.14 |
3.15 |
|
Marital status (age 15 years+) 6, 7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Currently married |
61.0% |
58.7% |
56.2% |
53.6% |
52.1% |
52.4% |
52.1% |
52.3% |
52.0% |
|
All men |
63.2% |
60.7% |
57.9% |
54.8% |
53.4% |
53.8% |
53.4% |
53.6% |
53.2% |
|
All women |
58.9% |
56.9% |
54.7% |
52.4% |
50.8% |
51.0% |
50.8% |
51.1% |
50.9% |
|
Net divorce rate 10 |
7.8% |
10.7% |
12.9% |
14.1% |
14.6% |
14.5% |
14.6% |
14.3% |
14.3% |
|
All men |
6.8% |
9.7% |
12.1% |
12.9% |
13.2% |
13.3% |
13.4% |
12.9% |
12.9% |
|
All women |
8.6% |
11.5% |
13.6% |
15.2% |
15.8% |
15.5% |
15.6% |
15.5% |
15.4% |
† Source: US Census Bureau.
†† We limited the data in this table to the years presented to provide the most recent data but to also fit the table to the page. Additional years of data and more detail may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 Population statistics are from intercensal estimates taken on July 1 of each year, providing detailed, current information to communities every year. Decennial census figures are published April 1 each decade, providing an official count of the population. We retain the intercensal estimates in this table despite decennial census figures being released, as this allows us to report details consistent with the total population reported. The US Census Bureau announced that the 2020 Census (the official decennial census figure) shows the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2020, was 331,449,281.
2 Components of population change are from yearly intercensal estimates taken on July 1 of each year. Estimates have not been revised for all years and as a result total population change does not always add to the gap between annual population estimates.
3 The “residual” shown here includes the components of population change: net international migration, Federal Citizen movement, net domestic migration, and a statistical residual. For post-1990 estimates, the estimates methodology was refined to allow separate identification of these components.
4 Total population estimates by the Census Bureau are released in March of each year while the demographic statistics are released in July. All figures will be updated when full data is available in July.
5 Race categories have been redefined many times in the history of the census. Due to the ability to choose “some other race” in census years and select more than one race in 2000 and later, race estimates in census years sometimes vary significantly from intercensal estimates.
6 Educational attainment, living arrangements, marital status, and household and family statistics are from the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement produced in March of each year. It includes the civilian non-institutional population plus armed forces living off post or with their families on post.
7 Marital status includes householders whose race was reported as only one race (rather than in combination with one or more other races) after 2003.
8 A household is an occupied housing unit.
9 In table titles, “family” is used to refer to a family household. In general, family consists of those related to each other by birth, marriage or adoption. A non-family household consists of a householder living alone (a one-person household) or where the householder shares the home only with people to whom he/she is not related.
10 Net divorce rate is calculated as currently divorced as a percentage of ever married.
From 1980 through 2018, our population has remained 49% male and 51% female but has shifted in the ways discussed below.
We’re getting older – the median age of our population has increased by 8 years or 27%, from 30.0 years old in 1980 to 38.2 years old in 2018.
We’re becoming more diverse racially, ethnically, and in our country of origin –
We’re moving south and west – our population is migrating from the Northeast and Midwest to the South and West. States range in population from just under 600,000 (Wyoming) to over 39 million (California).
We’re becoming more educated – the rate of individuals with less than a high school diploma has decreased 15 percentage points since 1990 to 10%, while the share of adults 25 years and over with at least some college experience has increased 16 percentage points to 61% in 2018.
The composition of our households and families is changing – our total number of households has increased, but:
Demographics by race and ethnicity
For US federal government reporting, race and ethnicity are two separate and distinct concepts that generally reflect social definitions recognized in this country and do not conform to any biological, anthropological, or genetic criteria. Data for ethnicity is reported as Hispanic or non-Hispanic. Hispanic origin can be viewed as the heritage, nationality, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person’s parents or ancestors. People who identify as Hispanic may be any race. People may choose to report more than one race to indicate their racial mixture, such as “American Indian” and “white.” Federal government agencies report data for at least five race categories: white, Black or African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.
|
|
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
|
Total population (in thousands) |
227,225 |
249,623 |
282,162 |
309,327 |
323,072 |
325,122 |
326,838 |
328,330 |
329,484 |
|
White |
194,713 |
209,367 |
228,530 |
242,235 |
248,413 |
249,271 |
249,961 |
250,522 |
na |
|
Black/African American |
26,683 |
30,648 |
35,815 |
40,355 |
42,970 |
43,374 |
43,732 |
44,075 |
na |
|
Asian |
3,729 |
7,549 |
11,173 |
15,261 |
18,280 |
18,764 |
19,134 |
19,505 |
na |
|
Hispanic |
14,609 |
22,573 |
35,662 |
50,743 |
57,451 |
58,574 |
59,640 |
60,572 |
na |
|
Poverty rate of all persons |
13.0% |
13.5% |
11.3% |
15.1% |
12.7% |
12.3% |
11.8% |
10.5% |
na |
|
White population 1 |
10.2% |
10.7% |
9.5% |
13.0% |
11.0% |
10.5% |
10.1% |
9.1% |
na |
|
Black 1 |
32.5% |
31.9% |
22.5% |
27.4% |
22.0% |
21.7% |
20.8% |
18.8% |
na |
|
Asian 1 |
na |
12.2% |
9.9% |
12.2% |
10.1% |
9.7% |
10.1% |
7.3% |
na |
|
Hispanic |
25.7% |
28.1% |
21.5% |
26.5% |
19.4% |
18.3% |
17.6% |
15.7% |
na |
|
Crime |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total arrests (in thousands) 6 |
10,458 |
14,217 |
13,986 |
13,122 |
10,662 |
10,555 |
10,311 |
10,085 |
na |
|
White |
74.0% |
69.8% |
68.9% |
69.5% |
69.6% |
68.9% |
69.0% |
69.4% |
na |
|
Black/African American |
24.2% |
28.3% |
28.8% |
27.9% |
26.9% |
27.2% |
27.4% |
26.6% |
na |
|
American Indian/Alaska Native |
1.2% |
1.1% |
1.3% |
1.4% |
2.0% |
2.4% |
2.1% |
2.4% |
na |
|
Asian/Pacific Islander |
0.6% |
0.8% |
1.1% |
1.2% |
1.5% |
1.5% |
1.4% |
1.6% |
na |
|
Total sentenced prisoners (in thousands) 7 |
330 |
774 |
1,394 |
1,614 |
1,508 |
1,489 |
1,464 |
1,431 |
na |
|
White (non-Hispanic) 8 |
na |
na |
35.6% |
31.2% |
30.2% |
30.3% |
30.5% |
30.6% |
na |
|
Black (non-Hispanic) 8 |
na |
na |
46.2% |
36.9% |
33.4% |
33.1% |
32.9% |
32.8% |
na |
|
Hispanic |
na |
na |
16.4% |
22.3% |
23.3% |
23.4% |
23.4% |
23.2% |
na |
|
High school dropout rate 2 |
14.1% |
12.1% |
10.9% |
7.4% |
6.1% |
5.8% |
5.7% |
na |
na |
|
White |
11.4% |
9.0% |
6.9% |
5.1% |
5.2% |
4.6% |
4.6% |
na |
na |
|
Black |
19.1% |
13.2% |
13.1% |
8.0% |
6.2% |
5.7% |
5.8% |
na |
na |
|
Hispanic |
35.2% |
32.4% |
27.8% |
15.1% |
8.6% |
9.5% |
9.0% |
na |
na |
|
College graduation rate (at 4 yr institutions, within 6 yrs of start) 3 |
na |
na |
na |
58.4% |
59.7% |
60.4% |
62.4% |
63.4% |
na |
|
White |
na |
na |
na |
61.6% |
63.7% |
64.4% |
65.9% |
66.6% |
na |
|
Black |
na |
na |
na |
39.6% |
39.3% |
39.8% |
42.4% |
44.3% |
na |
|
Hispanic |
na |
na |
na |
50.2% |
54.3% |
55.0% |
56.7% |
57.8% |
na |
|
Civil rights violations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equal employment charges |
na |
na |
79,896 |
99,922 |
91,503 |
84,254 |
76,418 |
72,675 |
67,448 |
|
By race |
na |
na |
28,945 |
35,890 |
32,309 |
28,528 |
24,600 |
23,976 |
22,064 |
|
By ethnicity/national origin |
na |
na |
7,792 |
11,304 |
9,840 |
8,299 |
7,106 |
7,009 |
6,377 |
|
By color |
na |
na |
1,290 |
2,780 |
3,102 |
3,240 |
3,166 |
3,415 |
3,562 |
|
Hate crimes based on race/ethnicity/ancestry 4 |
na |
na |
5,248 |
3,982 |
3,489 |
4,131 |
4,047 |
3,963 |
na |
|
Employment (as % of working-age population) 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White |
60.0% |
63.7% |
64.9% |
59.4% |
60.2% |
60.4% |
60.7% |
61.0% |
57.3% |
|
Black |
52.3% |
56.7% |
60.9% |
52.3% |
56.4% |
57.6% |
58.3% |
58.7% |
53.6% |
|
Asian |
na |
na |
64.8% |
59.9% |
60.9% |
61.5% |
61.6% |
62.3% |
57.3% |
|
Hispanic |
57.6% |
61.9% |
65.7% |
59.1% |
62.0% |
62.7% |
63.2% |
63.9% |
58.7% |
|
% of births to mothers under 18 (by race of mother) |
na |
4.7% |
4.1% |
2.8% |
1.4% |
1.3% |
1.2% |
na |
na |
|
White |
na |
3.6% |
3.5% |
2.5% |
0.8% |
0.8% |
0.7% |
na |
na |
|
Black/African American |
na |
10.1% |
7.8% |
4.9% |
2.3% |
2.0% |
1.9% |
na |
na |
|
Asian/Pacific Islander |
na |
2.1% |
1.5% |
0.7% |
0.2% |
0.2% |
0.2% |
na |
na |
|
Hispanic/Latina (of any race) |
na |
6.6% |
6.3% |
4.7% |
2.5% |
2.3% |
2.1% |
na |
na |
|
Life expectancy at birth |
73.7 |
75.4 |
76.8 |
78.7 |
78.7 |
78.6 |
78.7 |
78.8 |
77.8 |
|
White |
74.4 |
76.1 |
77.3 |
78.8 |
78.6 |
78.5 |
78.7 |
78.8 |
78.0 |
|
Black |
68.1 |
69.1 |
71.8 |
74.7 |
74.8 |
74.9 |
74.9 |
74.7 |
72.0 |
|
Hispanic |
na |
na |
na |
81.7 |
81.8 |
81.8 |
81.8 |
81.8 |
79.9 |
|
Mortality rate (per 100,000 persons) |
878.3 |
863.8 |
854.0 |
799.5 |
849.3 |
863.8 |
867.8 |
869.7 |
na |
|
White |
892.5 |
888.0 |
900.2 |
861.7 |
919.3 |
936.6 |
939.9 |
955.4 |
na |
|
Black/African American |
875.4 |
871.0 |
781.1 |
682.2 |
732.3 |
742.4 |
754.1 |
798.4 |
na |
|
Asian/Pacific Islander |
296.9 |
283.3 |
296.6 |
301.1 |
340.0 |
349.3 |
355.9 |
370.4 |
na |
|
American Indian/Alaska Native |
487.4 |
402.8 |
380.8 |
365.1 |
425.6 |
434.6 |
438.2 |
459.1 |
na |
|
Hispanic |
na |
na |
303.8 |
286.2 |
327.6 |
334.6 |
341.9 |
350.7 |
na |
|
Non-Hispanic |
na |
na |
929.6 |
897.6 |
958.8 |
977.4 |
982.6 |
984.6 |
na |
|
Infant (under 1 year old) mortality (per 1,000 births) |
na |
8.9 |
6.9 |
6.1 |
5.9 |
5.8 |
5.7 |
na |
na |
|
White |
na |
7.3 |
5.7 |
5.2 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
4.7 |
na |
na |
|
Black/African American |
na |
16.9 |
13.5 |
11.2 |
10.8 |
10.4 |
10.5 |
na |
na |
|
Asian/Pacific Islander |
na |
6.6 |
4.9 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
na |
na |
|
Hispanic/Latina (of any race) |
na |
7.5 |
5.6 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.1 |
4.9 |
na |
na |
|
Number of children in foster care on September 30 |
na |
na |
552,000 |
404,878 |
436,551 |
442,995 |
437,283 |
423,997 |
na |
|
White |
na |
na |
38% |
41% |
44% |
44% |
44% |
44% |
na |
|
Black |
na |
na |
39% |
29% |
23% |
23% |
22% |
23% |
na |
|
Hispanic |
na |
na |
15% |
21% |
21% |
21% |
22% |
21% |
na |
|
Asian |
na |
na |
1% |
1% |
1% |
—% |
—% |
1% |
na |
† Sources: US Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Federal Bureau of Investigation, National Center for Education Statistics.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 Includes mixed races prior to 2002.
2 16-24 years old who are not enrolled in school and who have not completed a high school program, regardless of when they left school.
3 Data are for 4-year degree-granting postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Graduation rates refer to students receiving bachelor’s degrees from their initial institutions of attendance only. Graduation rate is for cohort starting six years earlier. Totals include data for persons whose race/ethnicity was not reported. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.
4 A hate crime is a traditional offense like murder, arson, or vandalism with an added element of bias. For the purposes of collecting statistics, the FBI has defined a hate crime as a “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity.” Hate itself is not a crime – and the FBI is mindful of protecting freedom of speech and other civil liberties.
5 Total employment is from the current employment statistics (CES) survey and represents average annual national non-farm employment. All self-employed workers, both incorporated and unincorporated, are excluded from these earnings estimates.
6 Arrests include each separate instance in which a person is arrested, cited, or summoned for an offense. A single arrest may be for a single criminal incident or for many incidents that occurred over a long time period. Because a person may be arrested multiple times during a year, arrest figures do not reflect the number of individuals who have been arrested. Rather, the arrest data show the number of times that persons are arrested, as reported by law enforcement agencies. Data reflect the hierarchy of offenses, meaning that the most serious offense in a multiple-offense arrest instance is used to characterize the arrest.
7 Sentenced prisoners are prisoners with sentences of more than 1 year under the jurisdiction of state or federal correctional officials.
8 Data source used to estimate race and Hispanic origin changed in 2010. Use caution when comparing to prior years.
African-American population
|
|
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
|
African-American population (in thousands) |
26,683 |
29,931 |
34,658 |
40,355 |
42,970 |
43,374 |
43,732 |
44,075 |
|
% of total population |
11.8% |
12.0% |
12.3% |
13.0% |
13.3% |
13.4% |
13.4% |
13.4% |
|
Age and gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
47.3% |
47.2% |
47.5% |
47.7% |
47.9% |
47.9% |
47.9% |
47.9% |
|
Female |
52.7% |
52.8% |
52.5% |
52.3% |
52.1% |
52.1% |
52.1% |
52.1% |
|
<5 years of age |
9.2% |
9.2% |
8.1% |
7.6% |
7.0% |
6.9% |
6.9% |
6.7% |
|
5 to 14 years |
19.5% |
17.7% |
18.3% |
15.3% |
14.3% |
14.2% |
14.1% |
14.0% |
|
15 to 24 years |
21.6% |
17.1% |
16.0% |
16.9% |
15.7% |
15.3% |
14.9% |
14.6% |
|
25 to 34 years |
15.9% |
18.1% |
14.9% |
14.1% |
15.2% |
15.5% |
15.7% |
15.9% |
|
35 to 44 years |
10.2% |
14.0% |
15.9% |
13.5% |
12.9% |
12.9% |
12.9% |
13.0% |
|
45 to 54 years |
8.6% |
8.9% |
11.8% |
14.0% |
12.9% |
12.7% |
12.5% |
12.3% |
|
55 to 64 years |
7.2% |
6.7% |
6.8% |
9.9% |
11.4% |
11.5% |
11.7% |
11.7% |
|
65+ years |
7.8% |
8.4% |
8.1% |
8.7% |
10.6% |
10.9% |
11.3% |
11.7% |
|
18+ years |
64.5% |
68.0% |
68.6% |
72.0% |
74.2% |
74.5% |
74.8% |
75.1% |
|
Median age (years) |
24.9 |
28.3 |
30.2 |
32.1 |
33.4 |
33.6 |
33.8 |
34.1 |
|
Regional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northeast |
18.3% |
18.7% |
17.6% |
16.8% |
16.3% |
16.5% |
16.2% |
16.2% |
|
Midwest |
20.1% |
19.0% |
18.8% |
17.9% |
17.2% |
17.1% |
17.1% |
17.0% |
|
South |
53.0% |
52.8% |
54.8% |
56.5% |
57.8% |
57.7% |
57.8% |
57.9% |
|
West |
8.5% |
9.4% |
8.9% |
8.8% |
8.7% |
8.7% |
8.8% |
8.8% |
|
Educational attainment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 25 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
15,761 |
19,858 |
22,969 |
25,976 |
26,455 |
27,047 |
27,428 |
|
Less than high school graduate |
na |
32.9% |
27.7% |
18.4% |
16.1% |
15.8% |
12.1% |
12.1% |
|
High school graduate |
na |
29.7% |
29.8% |
32.6% |
30.3% |
29.8% |
32.7% |
32.6% |
|
Some college or associate’s degree |
na |
25.3% |
28.2% |
29.2% |
30.3% |
30.4% |
30.0% |
29.2% |
|
Bachelor’s degree |
na |
8.0% |
9.5% |
10.4% |
14.8% |
15.1% |
16.3% |
16.6% |
|
Graduate or professional degree |
na |
4.1% |
4.8% |
8.9% |
8.5% |
8.8% |
8.9% |
9.5% |
|
Income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of households (in thousands) |
8,847 |
10,671 |
13,174 |
15,265 |
16,733 |
16,997 |
17,167 |
17,054 |
|
Earning <$15,000 annually |
24.9% |
24.9% |
17.6% |
22.1% |
19.6% |
19.1% |
19.1% |
17.2% |
|
$15,000 to $24,999 |
16.3% |
13.9% |
11.9% |
13.5% |
12.4% |
12.2% |
12.6% |
11.5% |
|
$25,000 to $34,999 |
12.6% |
10.9% |
11.5% |
11.3% |
11.4% |
11.8% |
11.3% |
11.4% |
|
$35,000 to $49,999 |
14.7% |
14.1% |
14.5% |
14.7% |
13.6% |
13.9% |
13.9% |
13.7% |
|
$50,000 to $74,999 |
16.6% |
16.5% |
18.1% |
15.3% |
16.7% |
15.7% |
16.3% |
16.8% |
|
$75,000 or more |
15.0% |
19.7% |
26.5% |
23.1% |
26.3% |
27.2% |
26.8% |
29.4% |
|
Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16 years and over (in thousands) |
17,824 |
21,477 |
24,902 |
28,708 |
31,889 |
32,247 |
32,761 |
33,036 |
|
Civilian labor force |
61.0% |
64.0% |
65.8% |
62.2% |
61.6% |
62.3% |
62.3% |
62.5% |
|
Employed |
52.2% |
56.7% |
60.9% |
52.3% |
56.4% |
57.6% |
58.3% |
58.7% |
|
Unemployed |
8.7% |
7.3% |
5.0% |
9.9% |
5.2% |
4.7% |
4.0% |
3.8% |
|
Not in labor force |
39.0% |
36.0% |
34.2% |
37.8% |
38.4% |
37.7% |
37.7% |
37.5% |
† Source: US Census Bureau.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
Hispanic population
|
|
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
|
Hispanic population (in thousands) |
14,609 |
21,900 |
35,306 |
50,743 |
57,451 |
58,574 |
59,640 |
60,572 |
|
% of total population |
6.4% |
8.8% |
12.5% |
16.4% |
17.8% |
18.0% |
18.3% |
18.5% |
|
Age and gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
49.8% |
50.8% |
51.4% |
50.7% |
50.5% |
50.5% |
50.5% |
50.5% |
|
Female |
50.2% |
49.2% |
48.6% |
49.3% |
49.5% |
49.5% |
49.5% |
49.5% |
|
<5 years of age |
11.4% |
10.6% |
10.5% |
10.1% |
8.9% |
8.8% |
8.6% |
8.4% |
|
5 to 14 years |
20.6% |
19.0% |
19.2% |
18.4% |
17.9% |
17.8% |
17.6% |
17.4% |
|
15 to 24 years |
21.9% |
19.1% |
18.6% |
17.5% |
16.7% |
16.5% |
16.4% |
16.3% |
|
25 to 34 years |
17.1% |
20.0% |
18.4% |
16.7% |
15.9% |
15.8% |
15.8% |
15.7% |
|
35 to 44 years |
10.7% |
13.3% |
14.5% |
14.5% |
14.4% |
14.4% |
14.3% |
14.3% |
|
45 to 54 years |
8.1% |
7.8% |
8.9% |
10.9% |
11.6% |
11.7% |
11.7% |
11.8% |
|
55 to 64 years |
5.3% |
5.3% |
4.8% |
6.4% |
7.7% |
7.9% |
8.2% |
8.4% |
|
65+ years |
4.9% |
4.8% |
4.9% |
5.6% |
6.9% |
7.1% |
7.4% |
7.7% |
|
18+ years |
61.5% |
65.1% |
65.0% |
66.1% |
68.0% |
68.4% |
68.8% |
69.1% |
|
Median age (years) |
23.2 |
25.6 |
25.8 |
27.3 |
28.9 |
29.2 |
29.5 |
29.8 |
|
Regional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northeast |
17.8% |
16.6% |
14.9% |
13.9% |
14.0% |
14.0% |
13.8% |
13.8% |
|
Midwest |
8.7% |
7.6% |
8.8% |
9.2% |
9.1% |
9.1% |
9.1% |
9.1% |
|
South |
30.6% |
30.4% |
32.8% |
36.1% |
37.2% |
37.5% |
37.8% |
38.0% |
|
West |
42.8% |
45.4% |
43.5% |
40.8% |
39.7% |
39.4% |
39.2% |
39.1% |
|
Educational attainment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 25 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
11,227 |
18,270 |
26,375 |
32,019 |
32,660 |
33,877 |
34,575 |
|
Less than high school graduate |
na |
50.2% |
47.6% |
39.4% |
34.8% |
32.6% |
28.4% |
28.2% |
|
High school graduate |
na |
21.6% |
22.1% |
27.4% |
27.3% |
27.9% |
30.7% |
31.4% |
|
Some college or associate’s degree |
na |
19.1% |
19.9% |
19.3% |
21.5% |
22.6% |
22.5% |
21.6% |
|
Bachelor’s degree |
na |
5.9% |
6.7% |
10.1% |
11.1% |
12.2% |
13.0% |
13.1% |
|
Graduate or professional degree |
na |
3.3% |
3.8% |
3.8% |
5.3% |
5.1% |
5.3% |
5.7% |
|
Income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of households (in thousands) |
3,906 |
6,220 |
10,034 |
14,435 |
16,915 |
17,336 |
17,758 |
17,667 |
|
Earning <$15,000 annually |
15.9% |
15.5% |
11.3% |
14.6% |
11.9% |
11.8% |
11.2% |
10.7% |
|
$15,000 to $24,999 |
14.0% |
15.0% |
11.9% |
12.8% |
10.8% |
10.4% |
10.9% |
8.8% |
|
$25,000 to $34,999 |
13.4% |
11.8% |
11.6% |
12.3% |
11.3% |
11.4% |
10.7% |
10.5% |
|
$35,000 to $49,999 |
17.0% |
15.8% |
15.9% |
15.7% |
15.4% |
14.3% |
15.0% |
14.1% |
|
$50,000 to $74,999 |
19.6% |
19.5% |
20.0% |
17.7% |
18.0% |
19.0% |
18.6% |
19.5% |
|
$75,000 or more |
19.9% |
22.3% |
29.4% |
26.7% |
32.8% |
33.0% |
33.6% |
36.4% |
|
Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16 years and over (in thousands) |
9,598 |
15,904 |
23,938 |
33,713 |
40,697 |
41,371 |
42,734 |
43,507 |
|
Civilian labor force |
64.0% |
67.4% |
69.7% |
67.5% |
65.8% |
66.1% |
66.3% |
66.8% |
|
Employed |
57.6% |
61.9% |
65.7% |
59.0% |
62.0% |
62.7% |
63.2% |
63.9% |
|
Unemployed |
6.5% |
5.5% |
4.0% |
8.4% |
3.8% |
3.4% |
3.1% |
2.9% |
|
Not in labor force |
36.0% |
32.6% |
30.3% |
32.5% |
34.2% |
33.9% |
33.7% |
33.2% |
† Source: US Census Bureau.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
Demographics of native-born and foreign-born population
Native-born population
|
|
2000 |
2005 |
2010 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
|
Total population (in thousands) 1 |
281,422 |
288,378 |
309,350 |
318,857 |
321,419 |
323,128 |
325,719 |
327,167 |
328,240 |
|
Native-born |
250,314 |
252,688 |
269,394 |
276,465 |
278,128 |
279,388 |
281,193 |
282,439 |
283,307 |
|
Foreign-born |
31,108 |
35,690 |
39,956 |
42,392 |
43,290 |
43,739 |
44,526 |
44,729 |
44,933 |
|
Foreign-born; naturalized |
12,543 |
14,968 |
17,476 |
19,985 |
20,697 |
21,238 |
21,949 |
22,630 |
23,183 |
|
Foreign-born; not a US citizen |
18,565 |
20,722 |
22,480 |
22,407 |
22,593 |
22,501 |
22,577 |
22,099 |
21,750 |
|
Native-born demographics (in thousands) 1 |
250,314 |
252,688 |
269,394 |
276,465 |
278,128 |
279,388 |
281,193 |
282,439 |
283,307 |
|
White |
na |
78.6% |
78.0% |
77.3% |
77.2% |
76.8% |
76.5% |
76.4% |
76.3% |
|
Black/African American |
na |
12.8% |
13.2% |
13.3% |
13.2% |
13.2% |
13.2% |
13.2% |
13.3% |
|
Asian |
na |
1.6% |
1.8% |
2.0% |
2.1% |
2.1% |
2.2% |
2.2% |
2.3% |
|
Hispanic |
na |
9.9% |
11.9% |
13.0% |
13.3% |
13.5% |
13.9% |
14.1% |
14.3% |
|
Non-Hispanic, White only |
na |
73.3% |
70.3% |
68.6% |
68.2% |
67.9% |
67.3% |
67.0% |
66.7% |
|
Median age (years) |
na |
35.7 |
35.9 |
35.9 |
36.0 |
36.1 |
36.2 |
36.3 |
36.5 |
|
Educational attainment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 25 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
159,699 |
170,663 |
176,980 |
178,726 |
180,299 |
182,305 |
183,902 |
185,345 |
|
Less than high school graduate |
na |
12.7% |
11.0% |
9.6% |
9.4% |
9.1% |
8.7% |
8.4% |
8.2% |
|
High school graduate |
na |
30.8% |
29.7% |
28.8% |
28.6% |
28.2% |
28.1% |
27.9% |
27.9% |
|
Some college or associate’s degree |
na |
29.2% |
30.9% |
31.2% |
31.1% |
31.2% |
31.0% |
31.0% |
30.7% |
|
Bachelor’s degree |
na |
17.5% |
18.1% |
19.1% |
19.4% |
19.8% |
20.1% |
20.4% |
20.7% |
|
Graduate or professional degree |
na |
9.8% |
10.3% |
11.3% |
11.4% |
11.8% |
12.1% |
12.3% |
12.5% |
|
Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
na |
206,115 |
213,149 |
214,802 |
216,181 |
218,066 |
219,463 |
220,650 |
|
In labor force |
na |
na |
63.8% |
62.7% |
62.6% |
62.6% |
62.7% |
62.6% |
62.9% |
|
Civilian labor force |
na |
na |
63.3% |
62.3% |
62.1% |
62.1% |
62.2% |
62.2% |
62.4% |
|
Employed |
na |
na |
56.3% |
57.7% |
58.1% |
58.5% |
58.8% |
59.0% |
59.5% |
|
Unemployed |
na |
na |
6.9% |
4.6% |
4.0% |
3.7% |
3.4% |
3.2% |
2.9% |
|
Armed Forces |
na |
na |
0.5% |
0.4% |
0.4% |
0.4% |
0.4% |
0.4% |
0.5% |
|
Not in labor force |
na |
na |
36.2% |
37.3% |
37.4% |
37.4% |
37.3% |
37.4% |
37.1% |
|
Total civilian employed (in thousands) |
na |
115,788 |
116,126 |
122,971 |
124,810 |
126,379 |
128,284 |
129,585 |
131,204 |
|
Management, business, science, and arts |
na |
35.3% |
37.4% |
38.2% |
38.4% |
38.8% |
39.4% |
39.7% |
41.0% |
|
Service occupations |
na |
15.2% |
16.6% |
16.9% |
16.7% |
16.8% |
16.7% |
16.7% |
16.6% |
|
Sales and office |
na |
27.3% |
26.4% |
25.1% |
25.0% |
24.7% |
24.3% |
22.7% |
21.6% |
|
Natural resources, construction, maintenance |
na |
9.9% |
8.4% |
8.1% |
8.2% |
8.0% |
8.0% |
8.0% |
8.1% |
|
Production, transportation and moving |
na |
12.4% |
11.2% |
11.7% |
11.8% |
11.6% |
11.6% |
12.9% |
12.8% |
|
Annual earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16+ years with earnings (in thousands) |
na |
77,501 |
80,425 |
85,945 |
87,849 |
89,331 |
91,392 |
92,847 |
94,993 |
|
Earning <$15,000 annually |
na |
6.9% |
5.9% |
5.3% |
5.1% |
4.8% |
4.4% |
4.2% |
4.2% |
|
$15,000 to $24,999 |
na |
16.4% |
13.9% |
13.0% |
12.8% |
12.1% |
11.5% |
10.8% |
10.0% |
|
$25,000 to $34,999 |
na |
19.3% |
17.0% |
16.1% |
15.8% |
15.5% |
15.2% |
15.0% |
14.6% |
|
$35,000 to $49,999 |
na |
22.2% |
21.6% |
20.7% |
20.6% |
20.4% |
20.2% |
20.0% |
19.9% |
|
$50,000 to $74,999 |
na |
19.6% |
21.8% |
22.0% |
22.3% |
22.6% |
23.1% |
23.3% |
23.4% |
|
$75,000 or more |
na |
15.6% |
19.8% |
22.8% |
23.5% |
24.5% |
25.6% |
26.8% |
27.9% |
† Source: US Census Bureau.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 2005-2019 data is sourced from the American Community Survey and therefore total population may differ from other tables; 2000 data is sourced from the decennial census survey.
Foreign-born population
|
|
2000 |
2005 |
2010 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
|
Total population (in thousands) 1 |
281,422 |
288,378 |
309,350 |
318,857 |
321,419 |
323,128 |
325,719 |
327,167 |
328,240 |
|
Native-born |
250,314 |
252,688 |
269,394 |
276,465 |
278,128 |
279,388 |
281,193 |
282,439 |
283,307 |
|
Foreign-born |
31,108 |
35,690 |
39,956 |
42,392 |
43,290 |
43,739 |
44,526 |
44,729 |
44,933 |
|
Foreign-born; naturalized |
12,543 |
14,968 |
17,476 |
19,985 |
20,697 |
21,238 |
21,949 |
22,630 |
23,183 |
|
Foreign-born; not a US citizen |
18,565 |
20,722 |
22,480 |
22,407 |
22,593 |
22,501 |
22,577 |
22,099 |
21,750 |
|
Foreign-born demographics (in thousands) 1 |
31,108 |
35,690 |
39,956 |
42,392 |
43,290 |
43,739 |
44,526 |
44,729 |
44,933 |
|
White |
na |
46.7% |
47.9% |
47.5% |
47.0% |
46.1% |
45.5% |
45.5% |
45.2% |
|
Black/African American |
na |
7.6% |
8.3% |
8.7% |
8.9% |
9.0% |
9.3% |
9.5% |
9.7% |
|
Asian |
na |
23.5% |
24.5% |
26.2% |
26.6% |
26.6% |
27.1% |
27.1% |
27.2% |
|
Hispanic |
na |
47.0% |
47.1% |
45.7% |
45.0% |
44.9% |
44.3% |
44.3% |
44.2% |
|
Non-Hispanic, White only |
na |
20.9% |
18.8% |
18.1% |
18.1% |
18.1% |
17.9% |
17.7% |
17.4% |
|
Median age (years) |
na |
39.3 |
41.4 |
43.5 |
43.9 |
44.4 |
44.8 |
45.2 |
45.7 |
|
Educational attainment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 25 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
29,252 |
33,626 |
36,746 |
37,721 |
38,176 |
38,945 |
39,257 |
39,554 |
|
Less than high school graduate |
na |
32.4% |
31.7% |
29.9% |
29.3% |
28.8% |
27.5% |
26.9% |
26.3% |
|
High school graduate |
na |
22.8% |
22.5% |
22.7% |
22.5% |
22.4% |
22.7% |
22.3% |
22.3% |
|
Some college or associate’s degree |
na |
18.1% |
18.8% |
18.9% |
18.7% |
18.7% |
18.8% |
18.9% |
18.7% |
|
Bachelor’s degree |
na |
15.7% |
15.9% |
16.5% |
17.0% |
17.2% |
17.6% |
18.1% |
18.5% |
|
Graduate or professional degree |
na |
11.0% |
11.1% |
12.0% |
12.4% |
12.8% |
13.4% |
13.9% |
14.2% |
|
Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16 years and over (in thousands) |
na |
na |
37,718 |
40,440 |
41,366 |
41,770 |
42,498 |
42,723 |
42,884 |
|
In labor force |
na |
na |
67.7% |
66.3% |
66.0% |
66.2% |
66.1% |
66.5% |
66.9% |
|
Civilian labor force |
na |
na |
67.6% |
66.1% |
65.8% |
66.0% |
66.0% |
66.4% |
66.7% |
|
Employed |
na |
na |
60.7% |
61.9% |
62.2% |
62.7% |
63.0% |
63.7% |
64.3% |
|
Unemployed |
na |
na |
6.9% |
4.2% |
3.6% |
3.3% |
3.0% |
2.7% |
2.4% |
|
Armed forces |
na |
na |
0.1% |
0.1% |
0.1% |
0.1% |
0.1% |
0.1% |
0.2% |
|
Not in labor force |
na |
na |
32.3% |
33.7% |
34.0% |
33.8% |
33.9% |
33.5% |
33.1% |
|
Total civilian employed (in thousands) |
na |
20,671 |
22,908 |
25,049 |
25,724 |
26,192 |
26,774 |
27,198 |
27,554 |
|
Management and professional |
na |
27.2% |
28.6% |
30.3% |
31.0% |
31.6% |
32.4% |
33.1% |
34.6% |
|
Service occupations |
na |
22.2% |
25.1% |
24.6% |
24.0% |
24.1% |
23.4% |
23.1% |
22.8% |
|
Sales and office |
na |
18.3% |
17.8% |
17.0% |
16.9% |
16.6% |
16.4% |
15.4% |
14.6% |
|
Farming, fishing, and forestry |
na |
15.3% |
13.0% |
12.9% |
13.1% |
12.9% |
12.8% |
12.7% |
12.5% |
|
Production, transportation, and moving |
na |
16.9% |
15.5% |
15.2% |
15.0% |
14.9% |
15.0% |
15.7% |
15.5% |
|
Annual earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population 16+ years with earnings (in thousands) |
na |
14,266 |
16,023 |
17,833 |
18,499 |
18,881 |
19,521 |
19,922 |
20,860 |
|
Earning <$15,000 annually |
na |
13.4% |
10.4% |
8.5% |
7.5% |
6.7% |
5.8% |
5.3% |
5.1% |
|
$15,000 to $24,999 |
na |
25.6% |
23.4% |
21.4% |
20.8% |
19.6% |
17.9% |
16.3% |
14.7% |
|
$25,000 to $34,999 |
na |
18.4% |
17.7% |
17.8% |
17.7% |
18.1% |
18.0% |
17.9% |
17.8% |
|
$35,000 to $49,999 |
na |
16.6% |
17.1% |
17.0% |
17.3% |
17.4% |
18.2% |
18.4% |
18.9% |
|
$50,000 to $74,999 |
na |
13.5% |
14.7% |
15.7% |
15.8% |
16.4% |
17.1% |
17.5% |
17.8% |
|
$75,000 or more |
na |
12.6% |
16.7% |
19.7% |
20.9% |
21.9% |
23.0% |
24.5% |
25.7% |
† Source: US Census Bureau.
na An “na” reference in the table means the data is not available.
1 2005-2019 data is sourced from the American Community Survey and therefore total population may differ from other tables; 2000 data is sourced from the decennial census survey.
To get a consistent and informative picture of our populations, we chose to view several statistics in cohorts of people grouped by family structure and income. In the tables throughout this report which have these groupings, there are two types of economic units: families and individuals. We use the Census Bureau’s definition for each. If there are two or more related individuals living together, they are a family economic unit. If a person is living alone or in a household with no other related persons, that person is considered an individual economic unit. Therefore, some economic units have only one person, while other economic units have multiple persons.
We rank these economic units, which we call FIUs (family and individual units) by market income to place each in a percentile that shows the unit relative to other units in the population. (There are approximately 150 million family and individual units). After determining each unit’s market income percentile relative to all other units, we then place each unit into one of five categories:
It should be the noted that although we divide the families based on presence of children under 18, if a person is aged 18+ and still living in the family with relatives, she would not be her own economic unit unless she had her own subfamily.
We use these FIU groupings to present certain information because:
See Exhibit 99.08 for more information on the creation of these cohorts. We have included certain cohorts in this section of the document and others in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Key metrics by segment. Additional cohorts are available on our website at https://usafacts.org.
Family structure and income cohorts (calendar year 2018)
|
|
|
Average Per Unit |
|
|
Top Earner by Gender |
|
|
Race, Ethnicity of Unit Head |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Region |
||||||||||
|
Family and Individual Unit Sub Group/Income % |
# of Units (in K) |
Persons |
Children (Under 18) |
Age of Unit Head |
|
|
% Male |
% Female |
|
|
% White (all ethnicities) |
% Black (all ethnicities) |
% Asian (all ethnicities) |
% Other Race (all ethnicities) |
% Hispanic (all races) |
|
|
% US-Born |
|
|
% Urban |
% Rural |
|
|
% Northeast |
% Midwest |
% South |
% West |
|
All family and individual units |
149,989 |
2.2 |
0.5 |
50.1 |
|
|
56% |
44% |
|
|
78% |
14% |
6% |
2% |
15% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
83% |
17% |
|
|
17% |
21% |
38% |
24% |
|
Bottom 5% ($0) |
5,011 |
1.4 |
0.3 |
50.1 |
|
|
42% |
58% |
|
|
67% |
23% |
7% |
3% |
20% |
|
|
81% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
17% |
17% |
44% |
22% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% ($0-$10K) |
22,498 |
1.5 |
0.3 |
53.5 |
|
|
44% |
56% |
|
|
74% |
18% |
6% |
2% |
17% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
79% |
21% |
|
|
16% |
20% |
41% |
23% |
|
Second 20% ($10K-$36K) |
29,997 |
1.8 |
0.4 |
51.7 |
|
|
48% |
52% |
|
|
77% |
17% |
4% |
2% |
18% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
80% |
20% |
|
|
16% |
21% |
40% |
23% |
|
Middle 20% ($36K-$69K) |
29,998 |
2.0 |
0.5 |
49.1 |
|
|
56% |
44% |
|
|
78% |
15% |
5% |
2% |
17% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
16% |
22% |
39% |
23% |
|
Fourth 20% ($69K-$128K) |
29,998 |
2.5 |
0.6 |
48.1 |
|
|
63% |
37% |
|
|
81% |
11% |
6% |
2% |
14% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
84% |
16% |
|
|
17% |
22% |
36% |
25% |
|
Top 2%-20% ($128K-$785K) |
28,498 |
2.9 |
0.7 |
49.5 |
|
|
69% |
31% |
|
|
83% |
7% |
9% |
1% |
9% |
|
|
85% |
|
|
88% |
12% |
|
|
20% |
22% |
35% |
24% |
|
Top 1% ($785K+) |
1,500 |
3.0 |
0.7 |
52.4 |
|
|
74% |
26% |
|
|
87% |
3% |
10% |
1% |
6% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
94% |
6% |
|
|
26% |
17% |
31% |
26% |
|
Married no kids |
24,069 |
2.4 |
— |
50.5 |
|
|
70% |
30% |
|
|
84% |
8% |
7% |
1% |
13% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
17% |
21% |
39% |
23% |
|
Bottom 5% |
181 |
2.2 |
— |
53.4 |
|
|
62% |
38% |
|
|
77% |
5% |
15% |
3% |
15% |
|
|
75% |
|
|
73% |
27% |
|
|
15% |
8% |
56% |
21% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% |
1,115 |
2.2 |
— |
53.1 |
|
|
63% |
37% |
|
|
78% |
11% |
8% |
2% |
17% |
|
|
75% |
|
|
75% |
25% |
|
|
14% |
15% |
48% |
23% |
|
Second 20% |
1,725 |
2.3 |
— |
51.2 |
|
|
68% |
32% |
|
|
82% |
9% |
7% |
2% |
21% |
|
|
74% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
15% |
17% |
43% |
25% |
|
Middle 20% |
3,172 |
2.3 |
— |
51.1 |
|
|
69% |
31% |
|
|
83% |
10% |
5% |
2% |
20% |
|
|
77% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
15% |
20% |
43% |
23% |
|
Fourth 20% |
7,074 |
2.4 |
— |
49.2 |
|
|
70% |
30% |
|
|
84% |
9% |
5% |
2% |
14% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
80% |
20% |
|
|
15% |
23% |
39% |
23% |
|
Top 2%-20% |
10,058 |
2.5 |
— |
50.7 |
|
|
71% |
29% |
|
|
85% |
6% |
8% |
1% |
8% |
|
|
86% |
|
|
87% |
13% |
|
|
20% |
22% |
36% |
23% |
|
Top 1% |
497 |
2.6 |
— |
52.4 |
|
|
73% |
27% |
|
|
92% |
1% |
6% |
0% |
5% |
|
|
85% |
|
|
94% |
6% |
|
|
26% |
19% |
29% |
26% |
|
Married parents |
24,654 |
4.3 |
2.0 |
40.6 |
|
|
76% |
24% |
|
|
81% |
8% |
9% |
2% |
20% |
|
|
75% |
|
|
84% |
16% |
|
|
16% |
22% |
37% |
25% |
|
Bottom 5% |
78 |
4.0 |
1.7 |
42.9 |
|
|
63% |
37% |
|
|
70% |
11% |
19% |
—% |
27% |
|
|
68% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
22% |
7% |
44% |
28% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% |
648 |
4.3 |
2.2 |
39.7 |
|
|
73% |
27% |
|
|
78% |
9% |
11% |
2% |
33% |
|
|
60% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
15% |
15% |
44% |
26% |
|
Second 20% |
1,838 |
4.4 |
2.2 |
39.2 |
|
|
77% |
23% |
|
|
80% |
9% |
9% |
3% |
41% |
|
|
54% |
|
|
81% |
19% |
|
|
13% |
17% |
41% |
28% |
|
Middle 20% |
3,842 |
4.4 |
2.1 |
38.8 |
|
|
79% |
21% |
|
|
79% |
11% |
7% |
3% |
34% |
|
|
65% |
|
|
80% |
20% |
|
|
14% |
18% |
43% |
26% |
|
Fourth 20% |
7,515 |
4.2 |
2.0 |
39.8 |
|
|
77% |
23% |
|
|
81% |
9% |
8% |
2% |
20% |
|
|
77% |
|
|
81% |
19% |
|
|
15% |
23% |
38% |
24% |
|
Top 2%-20% |
10,066 |
4.1 |
1.9 |
41.9 |
|
|
73% |
27% |
|
|
81% |
7% |
11% |
1% |
11% |
|
|
81% |
|
|
89% |
11% |
|
|
19% |
23% |
34% |
24% |
|
Top 1% |
523 |
4.4 |
2.1 |
44.5 |
|
|
76% |
24% |
|
|
80% |
4% |
16% |
1% |
7% |
|
|
77% |
|
|
95% |
5% |
|
|
23% |
19% |
31% |
27% |
|
Single no kids |
51,586 |
1.2 |
— |
40.5 |
|
|
52% |
48% |
|
|
74% |
18% |
6% |
2% |
16% |
|
|
86% |
|
|
85% |
15% |
|
|
17% |
21% |
37% |
24% |
|
Bottom 5% |
2,434 |
1.1 |
— |
41.9 |
|
|
46% |
54% |
|
|
63% |
25% |
9% |
4% |
18% |
|
|
82% |
|
|
80% |
20% |
|
|
16% |
19% |
42% |
23% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% |
9,744 |
1.1 |
— |
40.1 |
|
|
49% |
51% |
|
|
70% |
20% |
7% |
3% |
17% |
|
|
85% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
16% |
21% |
39% |
24% |
|
Second 20% |
12,708 |
1.2 |
— |
39.0 |
|
|
50% |
50% |
|
|
73% |
20% |
4% |
3% |
19% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
16% |
22% |
40% |
23% |
|
Middle 20% |
13,222 |
1.2 |
— |
39.8 |
|
|
53% |
47% |
|
|
75% |
18% |
5% |
2% |
16% |
|
|
87% |
|
|
85% |
15% |
|
|
17% |
23% |
37% |
23% |
|
Fourth 20% |
8,801 |
1.3 |
— |
41.6 |
|
|
56% |
44% |
|
|
77% |
14% |
8% |
1% |
12% |
|
|
87% |
|
|
89% |
11% |
|
|
21% |
20% |
32% |
27% |
|
Top 2%-20% |
3,572 |
1.4 |
— |
44.1 |
|
|
60% |
40% |
|
|
78% |
11% |
10% |
1% |
9% |
|
|
86% |
|
|
93% |
7% |
|
|
22% |
16% |
34% |
29% |
|
Top 1% |
146 |
1.3 |
— |
44.9 |
|
|
66% |
34% |
|
|
84% |
7% |
8% |
1% |
10% |
|
|
88% |
|
|
91% |
9% |
|
|
27% |
11% |
36% |
25% |
|
Single parents |
14,060 |
2.9 |
1.7 |
35.8 |
|
|
25% |
75% |
|
|
67% |
26% |
3% |
3% |
26% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
81% |
19% |
|
|
15% |
21% |
41% |
23% |
|
Bottom 5% |
921 |
2.2 |
1.5 |
27.2 |
|
|
28% |
72% |
|
|
67% |
24% |
4% |
5% |
29% |
|
|
85% |
|
|
76% |
24% |
|
|
18% |
15% |
47% |
20% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% |
2,813 |
2.6 |
1.7 |
31.6 |
|
|
23% |
77% |
|
|
68% |
26% |
3% |
3% |
28% |
|
|
82% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
15% |
19% |
43% |
24% |
|
Second 20% |
4,357 |
3.0 |
1.8 |
35.4 |
|
|
18% |
82% |
|
|
65% |
29% |
2% |
4% |
30% |
|
|
81% |
|
|
81% |
19% |
|
|
13% |
23% |
44% |
21% |
|
Middle 20% |
3,337 |
3.0 |
1.7 |
37.8 |
|
|
28% |
72% |
|
|
68% |
26% |
3% |
4% |
25% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
83% |
17% |
|
|
15% |
22% |
40% |
23% |
|
Fourth 20% |
1,819 |
3.0 |
1.6 |
40.7 |
|
|
37% |
63% |
|
|
70% |
21% |
6% |
2% |
19% |
|
|
84% |
|
|
87% |
13% |
|
|
18% |
19% |
38% |
25% |
|
Top 2%-20% |
593 |
3.0 |
1.5 |
44.1 |
|
|
42% |
58% |
|
|
73% |
20% |
5% |
1% |
15% |
|
|
83% |
|
|
92% |
8% |
|
|
19% |
19% |
32% |
30% |
|
Top 1% |
14 |
3.5 |
1.9 |
40.5 |
|
|
22% |
78% |
|
|
96% |
3% |
1% |
—% |
39% |
|
|
74% |
|
|
98% |
2% |
|
|
28% |
16% |
28% |
28% |
|
Elderly (age 65+) |
35,620 |
1.7 |
— |
72.6 |
|
|
52% |
48% |
|
|
84% |
11% |
4% |
1% |
8% |
|
|
88% |
|
|
79% |
21% |
|
|
18% |
21% |
38% |
22% |
|
Bottom 5% |
1,397 |
1.4 |
— |
74.2 |
|
|
41% |
59% |
|
|
72% |
22% |
5% |
1% |
19% |
|
|
78% |
|
|
76% |
24% |
|
|
17% |
17% |
45% |
21% |
|
Bottom 5%-20% |
8,178 |
1.4 |
— |
74.0 |
|
|
41% |
59% |
|
|
78% |
16% |
4% |
2% |
12% |
|
|
85% |
|
|
77% |
23% |
|
|
17% |
20% |
41% |
21% |
|
Second 20% |
9,370 |
1.6 |
— |
73.9 |
|
|
49% |
51% |
|
|
86% |
10% |
3% |
1% |
7% |
|
|
90% |
|
|
78% |
22% |
|
|
17% |
22% |
38% |
22% |
|
Middle 20% |
6,424 |
1.8 |
— |
72.7 |
|
|
54% |
46% |
|
|
87% |
8% |
4% |
1% |
6% |
|
|
91% |
|
|
80% |
20% |
|
|
19% |
23% |
36% |
22% |
|
Fourth 20% |
4,790 |
1.9 |
0.1 |
71.1 |
|
|
57% |
43% |
|
|
87% |
8% |
4% |
1% |
6% |
|
|
90% |
|
|
82% |
18% |
|
|
18% |
22% |
36% |
24% |
|
Top 2%-20% |
4,208 |
2.1 |
— |
69.7 |
|
|
66% |
34% |
|
|
89% |
6% |
5% |
1% |
4% |
|
|
90% |
|
|
85% |
15% |
|
|
20% |
22% |
35% |
23% |
|
Top 1% |
320 |
2.1 |
— |
68.8 |
|
|
77% |
23% |
|
|
91% |
2% |
6% |
—% |
5% |
|
|
88% |
|
|
92% |
8% |
|
|
28% |
15% |
33% |
24% |
† We limited the data in this table to the years presented to provide the most recent data but to also fit the table to the page. Additional years of data and more detail may be found on our website. Click “More detail” to access it.
Marital status and age
In the US, among the non-elderly, marriage tends to be correlated with higher family incomes. In 2018:
The higher levels of income among those who are married relative to those who are not may be due to them having two or more working age individuals in the family who may both be working, as opposed to each individual earning more income relative to unmarried individuals.
Among the elderly, a plurality, or 27%, is in the bottom income cohort, where incomes range from zero to $10,000, followed closely by 26% in the second 20% income group, where incomes range from $10,000 to $36,000. For reference, in 2018, the federal poverty level was $12,140 for an individual and $4,320 for each additional person.
Race and ethnicity
White people make up 78% of all family and individual units (FIUs) but just 67% of single-parent FIUs. Asian people are also underrepresented among single-parent FIUs, accounting for 6% of all FIUs and 3% of single-parent FIUs. However, Black people represent 14% of all FIUs and 26% of single-parent FIUs. For people of Hispanic ethnicity: they make up 15% of all FIUs and 26% of single-parent FIUs.
Black people, who make up 14% of all FIUs, account for 19% of the lowest income quintile (earning less than $10,000 a year). At higher income levels, black representation diminishes, with 3% in the top 1% of income earners. The opposite is true among white people: they make up 78% of all FIUs but 72% of the poorest FIUs and 87% of the wealthiest 1%. People of Hispanic ethnicity, who account for 15% of all FIUs, see 18% of their population in each of the bottom two quintiles and 6% of their population in the top 1% of income earners.
Gender
Women make up 44% of the main earners in all FIUs but 58% of those in the lowest income group. Women are the main earners in just 30% of FIUs in the top 20% by income, who earn over $128,000 a year.
Geography
Southerners make up 38% of all FIUs and 44% of the poorest FIUs. The opposite is true for Northeasterners, who make up 17% of all FIUs and 26% of the top 1% by income. As incomes rise, Americans are more likely to live in urban areas.