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Home / Reports / State of the Union / Infrastructure

Infrastructure

About 44% of 2023 federal transportation and infrastructure spending* was for highway transportation and 23% was for air travel. The rest was for rail and mass transit (22%) and water (10%).

2023 infrastructure and transportation expenditures fell for the second consecutive year since spending in 2021 reached an all-time high due to COVID-19. Spending remains 11% higher than 2019 pre-pandemic levels (when adjusted for inflation).
*(including transfers to states)

Infrastructure

The federal government spent $44.8 billion on infrastructure in 2023 and transferred an additional $81.5 billion to states.

In 2021, state and local governments spent $218.5 billion on transportation and infrastructure, excluding federal government transfers. This accounted for 56% of all government transportation and infrastructure spending that year.

Congress passed and President Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act in November 2021. The bill authorized $1.2 trillion for transportation and infrastructure spending, with $550 billion of that for new investments. Spending started in 2022 and will be spread out over five years to rebuild roads, bridges and rails; invest in airports; provide high-speed internet access; and address climate concerns. About $69.7 billion has already been spent.

Infrastructure

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has so far allocated more than $210.0 million for repairing and rebuilding infrastructure after natural disasters that occurred in 2023.

About 40% of these allocations were for power lines, water storage facilities, and other public utilities. From 2000 to 2022, 34% of FEMA infrastructure spending after natural disasters was for rebuilding public utilities.

Infrastructure

Air travel increased in 2023 but is down from 2019, with 7.6% fewer scheduled flights January through November.

2023’s percentage of canceled flights was about 1.1 percentage points lower than in 2022 and 0.5 lower than in 2019. In the first 11 months of 2023, 21% of flights were delayed.

Infrastructure

About 44% of the nation’s bridges are in good condition, down 3 percentage points since 2012.

The proportion of bridges rated as poor has decreased as well, with an increasing share being rated as fair.

Infrastructure

Eleven percent of rural roads and 32% of urban roads were in unsatisfactory condition in 2020.

Road conditions have improved every year since 2017, but the share of unsatisfactory roads was higher in 2020 than at any point between 2000 and 2009. The Bureau of Transportation Statistics has not provided data past 2020; it has been more than two years since its last urban and rural road quality data release.

Infrastructure

In 2022, 16.7% of American households did not have a fixed broadband subscription at home.

This rate was as high as 26.7% in Alaska and as low as 10.5% in New Hampshire. More than 20% of households did not have broadband subscriptions in 11 states. The Federal Communications Commission says that broadband is an important tool for expanding educational, economic, and health opportunities.

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