What percentage of students in Ohio are proficient in reading?
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About 32% of 4th graders and 32% of 8th graders in Ohio were considered proficient in reading in 2024, according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP, also known as the Nation's Report Card, assesses 4th and 8th graders' progress in reading and math approximately every two years. Students in public, private, and charter schools are included in NAEP testing.
32%
of Ohio 4th graders were proficient in reading in 2024
32%
of Ohio 8th graders were proficient in reading in 2024
The NAEP uses a scale of 0-500 points to group 4th and 8th students into three achievement levels (basic, proficient, or advanced). "Proficient" is the benchmark used to describe students who demonstrate competency with challenging subject matter. However, NAEP proficiency is not the same as being on "grade level," which is often assessed by other state and district tests. More information on NAEP skill expectations at each grade level is available here.
In 2024, 8% of 4th graders in Ohio were advanced in reading and 24% were proficient, which means that about 2 out of 3 (68%) scored at basic or below. In 8th grade, 68% scored at basic or below.
Ohio 4th graders in 2024 were not statistically different from the US average in reading proficiency. 8th grade proficiency was also not statistically different from the US.
Ohio 4th graders in 2024 were not statistically different from the US average in reading proficiency. 8th grade proficiency was also not statistically different from the US.
In 2024, the percentage of Ohio 4th graders at a proficient or advanced reading level was similar to the US average.
Percentage of students at each NAEP achievement level in 4th and 8th grade in 2024 in Ohio and the US
How has reading proficiency changed over time?
From this point onward, “proficiency” includes students who were at or above proficient in reading (proficient and advanced students).
Among 4th graders, reading proficiency in Ohio was higher than the US in 2 test years (2003 and 2007). In all other test years since 1992, there was not a significant difference between Ohio and the US. Among 8th graders, reading proficiency in Ohio was higher than the US in 5 test years (2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, and 2019). In all other test years since 2002, there was not a significant difference between Ohio and the US.
Ohio 4th graders had a similar level of reading proficiency as the US in 11 out of 13 test years
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders who were proficient in reading in Ohio and the US, 1992–2024
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Reading proficiency has also varied over time for students of varying demographics. This is often referred to as the achievement gap.
Among 4th graders in 2024, Asian/Pacific Islander students had the highest rate of reading proficiency.
In 8th grade, Asian/Pacific Islander students also have had the highest rate of reading proficiency of all groups since 2013.
Among 4th graders in 2024, Asian/Pacific Islander students had the highest rate of reading proficiency.
In 8th grade, Asian/Pacific Islander students also have had the highest rate of reading proficiency of all groups since 2013.
The reading proficiency rate for Asian/Pacific Islander students in 4th grade is 3.7 times higher than the group with the lowest (Black students) in 2024.
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders who were proficient in reading in Ohio, by race/ethnicity, 1992–2024
Does reading proficiency differ by gender?
In 2024, female students had higher reading proficiency than male students in 4th grade (37% and 28%, respectively). The same was true for 8th graders.
How do Ohio students compare to other states in reading proficiency?
Ohio had the 15th highest 4th grade reading proficiency rate in the US in 2024, in between South Carolina and Washington state. This is 8 percentage points lower than Massachusetts, the state with the highest proficiency (40%). For 8th graders, Ohio was 10th highest in reading proficiency.
Ohio is 15th highest in 4th grade reading proficiency and 10th highest in 8th grade
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders in each state who were proficient in reading in 2024
How do Cleveland Metropolitan School District students compare to other districts in reading proficiency?
The NAEP collected data in a subset of the nation's largest urban school districts (26 total) in 2024. One of these districts is in Ohio - Cleveland Metropolitan School District.
4th grade students in Cleveland Metropolitan School District had a reading proficiency of 8% in 2024. This is lower than both the Ohio and US averages.
8th grade students in Cleveland Metropolitan School District had a reading proficiency of 8% in 2024. This is lower than both the Ohio and US averages.
Among the districts that participated, Cleveland Metropolitan School District had the second lowest reading proficiency rate in 4th grade, and the second lowest in 8th grade.
The reading proficiency rate for Cleveland Metropolitan School District 4th graders was lower than the US average
Percentage of 4th and 8th grade students in each district who were proficient in reading in 2024
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Methodology
USAFacts standardizes data, in areas such as time and demographics, to make it easier to understand and compare.
Page sources
USAFacts endeavors to share the most up-to-date information available. We sourced the data on this page directly from government agencies; however, the intervals at which agencies publish updated data vary.
