What percentage of students in Alabama are proficient in reading?
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About 28% of 4th graders and 21% of 8th graders in Alabama were considered proficient in reading in 2024, according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP, also known as the Nation's Report Card, assesses 4th and 8th graders' progress in reading and math approximately every two years. Students in public, private, and charter schools are included in NAEP testing.
28%
of Alabama 4th graders were proficient in reading in 2024
21%
of Alabama 8th graders were proficient in reading in 2024
The NAEP uses a scale of 0-500 points to group 4th and 8th students into three achievement levels (basic, proficient, or advanced). "Proficient" is the benchmark used to describe students who demonstrate competency with challenging subject matter. However, NAEP proficiency is not the same as being on "grade level," which is often assessed by other state and district tests. More information on NAEP skill expectations at each grade level is available here.
In 2024, 7% of 4th graders in Alabama were advanced in reading and 21% were proficient, which means that about 5 out of 7 (72%) scored at basic or below. In 8th grade, 79% scored at basic or below.
Alabama 4th graders in 2024 were not statistically different from the US average in reading proficiency. 8th grade proficiency was lower than the US.
Alabama 4th graders in 2024 were not statistically different from the US average in reading proficiency. 8th grade proficiency was lower than the US.
In 2024, the percentage of Alabama 4th graders at a proficient or advanced reading level was similar to the US average.
Percentage of students at each NAEP achievement level in 4th and 8th grade in 2024 in Alabama and the US
How has reading proficiency changed over time?
From this point onward, “proficiency” includes students who were at or above proficient in reading (proficient and advanced students).
Among 4th graders, reading proficiency in Alabama was lower than the US in 13 test years (1992, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2022). In all other test years since 1992, there was not a significant difference between Alabama and the US. Among 8th graders, reading proficiency was lower in Alabama than the US in every test year since 1998.
Alabama 4th graders had lower reading proficiency than the US in 13 out of 15 test years
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders who were proficient in reading in Alabama and the US, 1992–2024
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Reading proficiency has also varied over time for students of varying demographics. This is often referred to as the achievement gap.
Among 4th graders in 2024, white students had the highest rate of reading proficiency. This has been the case since 1992.
In 8th grade, white students also have had the highest rate of reading proficiency of all groups since 1998.
Among 4th graders in 2024, white students had the highest rate of reading proficiency. This has been the case since 1992.
In 8th grade, white students also have had the highest rate of reading proficiency of all groups since 1998.
The reading proficiency rate for white students in 4th grade is 2.9 times higher than the group with the lowest (Black students) in 2024.
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders who were proficient in reading in Alabama, by race/ethnicity, 1992–2024
Does reading proficiency differ by gender?
In 2024, female students had higher reading proficiency than male students in 4th grade (32% and 24%, respectively). The same was true for 8th graders.
How do Alabama students compare to other states in reading proficiency?
Alabama had the 14th lowest 4th grade reading proficiency rate in the US in 2024, in between Arkansas and South Dakota. This is 12 percentage points lower than Massachusetts, the state with the highest proficiency (40%). For 8th graders, Alabama was fourth lowest in reading proficiency.
Alabama is 14th lowest in 4th grade reading proficiency and fourth lowest in 8th grade
Percentage of 4th and 8th graders in each state who were proficient in reading in 2024
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Methodology
USAFacts standardizes data, in areas such as time and demographics, to make it easier to understand and compare.
Page sources
USAFacts endeavors to share the most up-to-date information available. We sourced the data on this page directly from government agencies; however, the intervals at which agencies publish updated data vary.
