How many people live in subsidized housing in Texas?
About 588,000 people in 2023, or about 2.3 people per unit. Subsidized housing options vary by location, ranging from high-rise or garden-style apartments to single-family dwellings, duplexes, and more. On average, residents in 2023 had lived in their units for 95 months.
Showing data for
In 2023
588K
people lived in subsidized housing in Texas
In 2023
1.9%
of the Texas population lived in subsidized housing
Federally subsidized rental housing began with 1937’s US Housing Act, which created the United States Housing Authority and provided financial assistance to state and local governments for housing low-income people. Since then, the government has provided housing assistance to low-income renters through programs overseen by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
In Brooks County, 11.3% of people live in subsidized housing, the most of any county in Texas.
Share of population living in subsidized housing in 2023, by county
People who live in subsidized housing share one thing: incomes low enough to qualify for housing assistance. In 2023, HUD classified 94% of households in subsidized housing as very low income and 75% as extremely low income. The average household in subsidized housing earned $15,728 in annual income. Across all subsidized housing, 73% of households earned less than $20,000.
38% of households with subsidies earned $10K–$15K in annual income.
Texas, 2023
Subscribe to get unbiased, data-driven insights sent to your inbox weekly.
Renters living in subsidized housing earn income from different sources. Wages, salaries, and business income are the main income source for 29% of households. Another 66% of households earn the majority of their income from other sources. This broad category includes Social Security payments; insurance benefits; pensions; interest or dividends; and payments in lieu of salary like worker’s compensation, severance, unemployment, or disability. Finally, welfare — which according to HUD and the Census Bureau includes the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, general assistance, or emergency assistance payments — was not the primary source of income for any households in Texas. The remaining 5% is unaccounted for in the data.
Wages, salaries, and business income were the primary source of income for 29% of households in subsidized housing.
Texas, 2023
Households living in subsidized housing contribute to their rent. In 2023, households living in subsidized housing in Texas paid average monthly rent of $388, which translates to an average of $4,656 per year, or 29.60% of the average household’s annual income. HUD contributed $870 per household per month, on average.
Households that qualify for subsidies have a variety of family structures. HUD data focused on homes with children, female-headed households, and households that included people with disabilities. In 2023:
- 43% of households had one or more children under 18 years, and about 93% of these were headed by single parents.
- 80% of households were headed by women, and 41% of these were headed by women with children.
- 20% of all people living in subsidized housing had a disability.
In Texas, 83% of households that lived in subsidized housing were headed by people belonging to minority groups, which the Census Bureau defines as anyone whose race and ethnicity is anything other than “white alone, non-Hispanic.”
Subsidized households were most often headed by those aged 25 to 50.
Texas, 2023
Thirty-three percent of households living in subsidized housing in Texas were headed by people age 62 and older, the youngest age when people can qualify for Social Security. People aged 25 to 50 are considered “prime-age workers,” and households led by this group make up 46% of all households in subsidized housing. This data highlights the significant presence of both older adults and prime-age workers in the subsidized housing demographic.
