How many people are in prisons in Iowa?
Updated annually
About 8,800 thousand at the end of 2023, the most recent year for which data is available. This number is up 4.2% from 2022 and includes anyone held under state jurisdiction that has been sentenced to one or more years, usually for a felony conviction.
8.83K
prisoners (Dec. 31, 2023)
+4.2%
change in the prison population from 2022 to 2023
In 2023, the Iowa prison population was 6.2% lower than the 2018 peak. The biggest annual changes since 2018 were a 4.4% increase in 2018 and a 10.5% decrease in 2020.
The prison population in Iowa has decreased by 6.2% since its peak in 2018.
Prison population on Dec. 31, 2012-2023
Between 2019 and 2020, the prison population in the US declined sharply, falling 14.6% — a trend that may be visible in some states. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) attributed some of this to COVID-19, pointing to the deaths of nearly 2,500 state and federal prisoners between March 2020 and February 2021 as well as the 37,700 prisoners across 24 states who were released early from custody.
What is the incarceration rate in Iowa and how does it compare to other states?
In Iowa, there were 274 people per 100,000 residents serving prison sentences. That was 23.9% lower than the US rate of 360 prisoners per 100,000 residents.
In 2023, Iowa had 274 people in prison per 100,000 residents.
Sentenced prisoners under state jurisdiction per 100K residents, 2023
Iowa ranked #32 among states in terms of highest incarceration rates. Across the US, the rate was highest in Mississippi (652 per 100,000) and lowest in Massachusetts (96 per 100,000).
Is the incarceration rate in Iowa increasing or decreasing?
Compared to a decade ago, incarceration rates decreased in Iowa by 2.8%. Over the same period, rates decreased in 44 other states and increased in 5.
Over the last decade, incarceration rates in Iowa have decreased by 3%.
Sentenced prisoners per 100K residents vs. US rate on Dec. 31, 2014–2023
Are more prisoners in Iowa held in state-run facilities, private prisons, or local jails?
In Iowa, state-run facilities housed 99.4% of people, and 0.6% were held in local jails. Unlike some states or the federal prison system, Iowa does not house prisoners in private prisons.
99.4% of prisoners in Iowa were housed in state-run facilities.
As of Dec. 31, 2023
Among states, Montana relied the most on private prisons, which housed 48.7% of its prisoners. Louisiana held 52.7% of its prisoners in local jails, the largest share of any state.
Are prisons in Iowa overcrowded?
Every state operates its own prisons. Forty-seven states housed the majority of prisoners in state-run facilities, and these held more than 99% of the total prison population in 15 states. These facilities are built to house a specific number of people but sometimes, the number of prisoners can exceed maximum capacity.
In 2023, eight states fit this description, including Iowa. Connecticut, Ohio, and Missouri did not report capacity metrics.
In 2023, the state-run prison system in Iowa was operating at 15.1% above maximum capacity.
Prison occupancy vs. maximum capacity
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Methodology
USAFacts standardizes data, in areas such as time and demographics, to make it easier to understand and compare.
The analysis was generated with the help of AI and reviewed by USAFacts for accuracy.
Page sources
USAFacts endeavors to share the most up-to-date information available. We sourced the data on this page directly from government agencies; however, the intervals at which agencies publish updated data vary.
